The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) engages in a large variety
of decisions affecting ecological outcomes such as ecosystem restoration
of oyster reefs, environmental flows for imperiled fishes, and bird
breeding grounds impacted by dredge material management. A common
approach to ecological modeling of environmental impacts and benefits is
based on the quantity and quality of habitats. No standard modeling
platform exists for computing outcomes from these “index” models, and
users often develop ad hoc spreadsheet models. Here, we present a
generic, flexible, error-checked index modeling platform applicable
Nationwide, which we refer to as the “ecorest” modeling framework. Four
modules compose this framework. First, model parameters are compiled as
a data set and associated metadata for 349 habitat suitability models
developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Second, functions are
presented for conducting habitat suitability analyses for both the
models described above as well as generic user-specified model
parameterizations. Third, a suite of decision support tools are
presented for conducting cost-effectiveness and incremental cost
analyses. These three modules are all contained within an open source
modeling package for the R Statistical Software Language called ecorest.
This modeling platform seeks to standardize availability and application
of index models within the USACE.
Author Headnotes:
ecorest
“package” by the Comprehensive R Archival Network (CRAN). This report will
simultaneously undergo peer review as an ERDC Technical Report.ecorest uses viridis
color schemes.Across all business lines, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) engages in a large variety of decisions that affect a multitude of ecological outcomes (e.g., ecosystem restoration of oyster reefs, environmental flows for imperiled fishes, and bird breeding grounds impacted by dredge material management). While numerous aquatic, riparian, and terrestrial analytical tools exist, ecological models typically have not been easily accessible or in the most usable form for field practitioners and often require significant data and modeling expertise to effectively employ. However, ecological models must be used to quantify environmental impacts and benefits throughout the project life-cycle of planning, engineering, construction, operations, and maintenance.
A common approach to ecological modeling of environmental impacts and benefits is based on quantity and quality of habitat. These “index” models (Swannack et al. 2012) were originally developed for species-specific applications (e.g., slider turtles), but the general approach has also been adapted to guilds (e.g., salmonids), communities (e.g., floodplain vegetation), and ecosystem processes (e.g., the Hydrogeomorphic Method). No standard platform exists for computing outcomes from index models, and users often develop ad hoc spreadsheet models, which are highly prone to numerical errors (McKay 2009). The common quantity-quality structure of index models provides an opportunity to develop a consistent, error-checked index modeling calculator adaptable to a variety of applications across the Corps of Engineers.
Furthermore, ecological modeling often seeks to inform trade-offs between a monetary assessment of social benefits or costs (e.g., restoration investment cost or economic damages avoided) and a non-monetary assessment of environmental benefits and costs (e.g., habitat gains of restoration or impact to an imperiled taxon’s habitat). Cost-effectiveness and incremental cost analyses (CEICA) provide a useful set of techniques for comparing non-monetary and monetary costs and benefits of management actions (Robinson et al. 1995). CEICA is commonly applied in planning and designing ecosystem restoration projects and is often coupled with index models to inform management decisions.
This document describes a set of computational tools for assessing ecological outcomes with index models and informing trade-offs between monetary and non-monetary outcomes. The following topics guided the scope of this analysis:
ecorest “package” for broad
distribution via the R statistical
software language. The R-package may be accessed through the (ACE-IT
approved) R freeware and associated user-interfaces such as RStudio. * Modular Design: All
model capabilities are developed as separate databases and functions,
which can be accessed independently. For instance, the toolkit is
intended to provide “one stop shopping” for USACE restoration planning
needs by integrating index and decision support models. However, users
may also use non-index models (e.g., population demography models via
popbio) to examine other ecological outcomes in the
decision modules. Likewise, users could compute index model outcomes
without using decision support tools.Ultimately, the overarching objective of this model is to
develop a technically sound and computationally accurate suite of tools
for assessing ecosystem restoration project planning with index models,
which are easily accessible for use by USACE planners, biologists, and
engineers. This report describes the development of a suite of
restoration modeling tools called ecorest. While developed
for ecosystem restoration applications, the tools may be applied in a
variety of other contexts including impact assessment and
non-restoration cost-benefit analysis.
Models were developed following a general ecological modeling process of conceptualization, quantification, evaluation, application, and communication (Grant and Swannack 2008). Tools were conceptualized based on common approaches to index modeling. Generic functions were then developed to quantify index model and decision support outcomes, which were “packed” for use in the R Statistical Software. Models are then evaluated relative to their numerical accuracy and usability. Finally, application and communication of models is demonstrated through a series of appendices with step-by-step instructional guides and example applications on USACE restoration studies.
Models were iteratively developed and checked. Functions were
initially developed and tested by the authors and other ERDC
Environmental Laboratory staff. Models were then expanded and
generalized in the form of the ecorest R-package, which was
subsequently reviewed and posted online via the Comprehensive R Archive
Network (CRAN).
All versions of the final ecorest package were then
formally tested against known verified model outcomes, and example
applications were developed for demonstration purposes.
This report is organized around the modeling process followed. Each
section describes the technical basis of index based models along with
their execution in ecorest. Report appendices provide
additional information about models such as formal testing, user guides,
and numerous example applications. This document is intended to provide
documentation of the model’s technical details, use, and relevant
information for USACE model certification (EC 1105-2-412, PB
2013-02).
The ecorest platform synthesizes two major analytical
approaches within a single numerical framework. First, index models are
a common ecological modeling approach used in assessing impacts and
benefits of environmental management actions. Second, cost-effectiveness
and incremental cost analysis (CEICA) are decision support tools for
informing decisions involving non-commensurate metrics such as
non-monetary ecological outcomes and monetary costs. Finally, the
ecorest modeling platform provides a computational workflow
for uniting these analyses to inform ecosystem restoration
decision-making. The following sections review the conceptual foundation
for each of these topics separately.
Ecological models have become common tools for informing decisions related to the management of complex ecological processes. Models span the breadth of their potential ecological management applications such as seafood harvest limits, transport of nutrients into freshwaters, bioaccumulation of contaminants, management of imperiled taxa, and wetland impact assessment. In addition to diverse outcomes, ecological models often take on a variety of theoretical constructs ranging from theoretical, analytical models to statistical correlations of variables to agent-based simulations of animal movement (see Swannack et al. 2012 for a review of ecological model types). The diversity of ecological endpoints and model constructs has led to a wide array of tools applicable to ecosystem management and restoration.
Index models are a family of techniques commonly applied in planning ecosystem restoration projects. Briefly, index models quantitatively translate multiple features or processes into a relative assessment of habitat suitability for a given organism or a relative assessment of ecosystem condition (Tirpak et al. 2009, Swannack et al. 2012). More specifically, index models combine assessments of habitat or ecosystem quality and quantity into an overarching metric for assessing the relative condition of a site (e.g., a “habitat unit” or “functional capacity unit”). Quantity is commonly expressed as a metric of area such as acres or hectares; however, other metrics may be appropriate to specific applications such as river length or lake volume. Quality is then assessed by identifying key variables correlated with habitat or ecosystem condition. Each variable is then translated into a suitability index curve, which transforms dimensional quantities such as flow velocity into dimensionless values of quality (0 to 1 where 0 is unsuitable/low condition and 1 is suitable/ideal condition). Multiple suitability curves are then combined through various equational forms into an overarching assessment of habitat quality (e.g., a “habitat suitability index” or “functional capacity index”).
Index models may be derived from a variety of methods and resources. Like all models, many index model developers have emphasized that these algorithms simplify complex ecosystems, and thus, these tools should be considered adaptable hypotheses rather than mechanistic, cause-effect relationships. The value of index models lies in their utility for quantitatively comparing the relative merits of alternative management actions and testing hypotheses. The following represent the most common sources of index models applied to USACE ecosystem restoration projects:
The USACE ecosystem restoration mission was first authorized in the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 with the stated purpose “…to restore significant structure, function and dynamic processes that have been degraded” (USACE 1999, ER 1165-2-501). Given this goal, USACE programs emphasize ecological outcomes (as opposed to social or economic outcomes). Generally, ecological resources may be quantified in a variety of ways ranging from habitat suitability for a focal taxon (e.g., an endangered species) to changes in physical processes (e.g., sediment delivery from geomorphic change) to changes in biological processes (e.g., carbon uptake and storage). In other USACE business lines (e.g., navigation), costs and benefits of actions are compared in monetary terms, and the benefit-cost ratio serves as a crucial decision metric. However, outputs of restoration are typically not monetized, and a different set of methods are required to inform restoration decision-making and address the issue of “Is ecosystem restoration worth the Federal investment?” In particular, cost-effectiveness and incremental cost analyses provide techniques for comparing non-monetary ecological benefits relative to monetary costs of restoration actions (Robinson et al. 1995).
Cost-effectiveness and incremental cost analyses (CEICA) are analytical tools for assessing the relative benefits and costs of ecosystem restoration actions and informing decisions. Benefits and costs are assessed prior to these analyses using ecological models (e.g., index models) and cost engineering methods, respectively. CEICA may then be conducted at the site scale to compare alternatives at a single location (e.g., no action vs. dam removal vs. fish ladder) or at the system scale to compare relative merits of multiple sites (e.g., no sites vs. Site-A only vs. Site-B only vs. Site-A and Site-B). Within the USACE, the Institute of Water Resources has provided a toolkit for conducting CEICA, the IWR Planning Suite (http://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/Missions/Economics/IWR-Planning-Suite/).
Cost-effectiveness analysis provides a mechanism for examining the efficiency of alternative actions. For any given level of investment, the agency wants to identify the plan with the most return-on-investment (i.e., the most environmental benefits), and for any given level of environmental benefits, the agency wants a plan with the least cost. An “efficiency frontier” identifies all plans that efficiently provide benefits on a per cost basis (i.e., cost-effective plans). These “non-dominated” alternatives compose the Pareto-optimal frontier.
Incremental cost analysis is conducted on the set of cost-effective plans. This technique sequentially compares each plan to all higher cost plans to reveal changes in unit cost as output levels increase and eliminates plans that do not efficiently provide benefits on a per unit cost basis. Specifically, this analysis examines the slope of the cost-effectiveness frontier to isolate how the incremental unit cost ($/unit) increases as the magnitude of environmental benefit increases. Incremental cost analysis is ultimately intended to inform decision-makers about the consequences of increasing unit cost when increasing benefits (i.e., each unit becomes more expensive). Plans emerging from incremental cost analysis efficiently accomplish the objective relative to unit costs and are typically referred to as “best buys.” Importantly, all “best buys” are cost-effective, but all cost-effective plans are not best buys.
ecorest Model WorkflowConceptual models provide a useful mechanism for many aspects of
ecosystem restoration projects such as increasing understanding about a
subject, identifying restoration alternatives, and facilitating dialog
among team members (Fischenich 2008, USACE 2011). However,conceptual
models also inform the development of quantitative ecological models and
can document the general workflow of models (Grant and Swannack 2008,
Swannack et al. 2012). Here, a conceptual model is presented to describe
the general workflow of the ecorest computational platform.
A stepwise conceptual model development process (Fischenich 2008) was
used to develop the model workflow (Table 1), and Figure 1 summarizes
the general flow of logic guiding the development of
ecorest.
| Step | ecorest |
|---|---|
| 1. State the model objectives. | To develop a technically sound and computationally accurate suite of tools for assessing ecosystem restoration project planning with index models and informing restoration decisions, which are easily accessible for use by USACE planners, biologists, and engineers. |
| 2. Bound the system of interest. | Index models of ecological systems structured around the quantity and quality of habitat, where quality is defined by a set of independent variables and suitability index curves. |
| 3. Identify critical model components within the system. | The model platform needs to include six basic elements: (1) a generic format for defining suitability index curves, (2) a library of existing index models developed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, (3) a computational engine for computing index model outcomes, (4) a computational engine for conducting decision support modeling, and (5) a simple, adaptable, and modular input-output structure |
| 4. Articulate relationships among model components. | Components interact through a modular workflow in which model inputs are used to build suitability relationships, index-model functions compute habitat outputs, and decision-support functions consume those outputs to evaluate trade-offs. |
| 5. Represent the conceptual model. | Figure 1 provides an overview of computational workflow
for the ecorest modeling platform |
ecorest index and decision support modeling
toolkit.In the quantification step, the conceptual ecological model is converted into explicit equations, parameter definitions, and a numerical procedure for computation (Grant and Swannack 2008).This section describes the theoretical basis for ecorest, the approach used to compile the toolkit and the associated functions.
Ecorest contains three categories of datasets and analytical functions designed to support ecosystem restoration decision-making, with an emphasis on U.S. Army Corps of Engineers applications. First, a common data structure was developed for index models, data were compiled for existing habitat suitability index (HSI) models, and a Toolkit for interActive Modeling (TAM) was developed to facilitate development of new index models (Carrillo et al. 2019). Second, an engine was developed for computing index models with functions for both generic model evaluation outputs (e.g., suitability curve visualization and sensitivity analysis) and application-specific outputs (e.g., forecasts of with and without project conditions). Third, a series of functions were developed to conduct cost-effectiveness and incremental cost analyses (CEICA), which can be applied to index model outputs or any other trade-off between benefits and costs. These three topics are synthesized into a R-package (McKay, Hernandez-Abrams, and Cushway 2025) and will be the focus of this report.
R is a free, open-source language and software environment for statistical computing and graphics maintained by the R Core Team and supported by the R Foundation. R supports reproducible, script-based workflows and is extended through “packages,” which bundle functions, documentation, and (when applicable) datasets into a standardized structure that can be installed and executed consistently across operating systems.
The ecorest package page is distributed through the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN), the primary public repository for R packages. CRAN maintains repository policies and uses automated checks (including installation and “R CMD check” style testing) to evaluate package structure, documentation, dependencies, and runnable examples across platforms. Packages are routinely re-checked over time as R and dependencies change, and maintainers may be required to address issues to remain compliant while noncompliant packages may be archived. See the ecorest package page for details.
The ecorest package includes a compiled library of USFWS HSI models implemented in a standardized digital format to improve accessibility, reduce transcription error, and support repeatable computations. The data structures presented in Section 3.1 store the curve breakpoints and coding conventions needed to reconstruct published suitability relationships, while model metadata document model details (e.g., geographic range, scientic name), intended application context, and citation information. Together, these datasets provide the inputs required for the index model calculations described in Section 3.2.
HSImodels$modelname
This list of data frames contains 349 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Habitat suitability index (HSI) models. Each data frame contains
independent variables and associated habitat suitability indices (a 0 to
1 value). Data represent break points in curves with linear
extrapolation between. Categorical input variables are coded as letters.
A comprehensive list of all models is included in Appendix B. Variable
names often required abbreviation, and all nomenclature is also
summarized in Appendix B. Table 2 provides and example of one such HSI
model for barred owl model (Allen 1987). All models can be called with
the corresponding model name using HSImodels$modelname
(e.g., HSImodels$barredowl).
| num.trees.mtoe51cm.dbh.0.4ha | num.trees.mtoe51cm.dbh.0.4ha.SIV | avg.dbh.overstory.trees.cm | avg.dbh.overstory.trees.SIV | can.cov.overstory.trees.pct | can.cov.overstory.trees.SIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2 | 1.0 | 13 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| 4 | 1.0 | 51 | 1 | 60 | 1 |
| NA | NA | NA | NA | 100 | 1 |
HSImetadata
This data frame contains metadata for 349 U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service Habitat suitability index (HSI) models, such as model names,
documentation, and websites for documentation among other fields. Table
3 provides a full listing of all fields contained within
HSImetadata along with an example for the barred owl model
(Allen 1987).
Insert a table for metadata example
The index model computational engine in ecorest is implemented as a modular workflow that separates (1) representation and visualization of suitability relationships, (2) calculation of suitability indices from project inputs from USFWS models(Section 3.1) or user-specified models, (3) calculation of suitability indices into an overall HSI score using documented combination rules, and (4) conversion of HSI to habitat units using habitat quantity and HSI scores. This modular structure promotes computational transparency, supports verification against known outcomes, and allows functions to be used independently when only part of the workflow is needed.
HSIplotter(SI, figure.name)
Plots suitability index curves relative to multiple variables.
Inputs are:
SI: a matrix of suitability curves ordered as parameter
breakpoints and associated suitability indices for each parameter with
appropriate column names.figure.name: output figure file name structured as
“filename.jpeg”.Function returns a multi-panel *.jpeg figure showing all suitability curves (e.g., Figure 2).
HSIplotter
## function (SI, figure.name)
## {
## oldpar <- par("mfrow", "mgp", "mar")
## on.exit(par(oldpar))
## nSI <- length(colnames(SI))/2
## SI.cont <- c()
## for (i in 1:nSI) {
## SI.cont[i] <- is.numeric(SI[1, 2 * i - 1])
## }
## jpeg(filename = figure.name, units = "in", width = 12, height = 4 *
## ceiling(nSI/3), res = 400)
## par(mfrow = c(ceiling(nSI/3), 3), mgp = c(2, 0.5, 0), mar = c(3.5,
## 3.5, 3, 1))
## for (i in 1:nSI) {
## if (SI.cont[i] == TRUE) {
## plot(SI[, 2 * i - 1], SI[, 2 * i], pch = 19, col = "black",
## xlab = colnames(SI)[2 * i - 1], ylab = "Suitability Index",
## ylim = c(0, 1))
## lines(SI[, 2 * i - 1], SI[, 2 * i], lwd = 2, col = "black")
## box()
## }
## else {
## barplot(SI[, 2 * i], names.arg = SI[, 2 * i - 1],
## col = "black", xlab = colnames(SI)[2 * i - 1],
## ylab = "Suitability Index", ylim = c(0, 1))
## box()
## }
## }
## invisible(dev.off())
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c0847a1990>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
HSIplotter(HSImodels$barredowl, "Fig02.BarredOwl.jpeg")
HSIplotter() for the barred owl model (Allen
1987).SIcalc(SI, input.proj)
Computes suitability indices given a set of suitability curves and project-specific inputs. Suitability indices may be computed based on either linear interpolation (for continuous variables) or a lookup method (for categorical variables).
Inputs are:
SI: a matrix of suitability curves ordered as parameter
breakpoints and associated suitability indices for each parameter with
appropriate column names.input.proj: numeric or categorical vector of
application-specific input parameters associated with the suitability
curve data from SI. Excluded variables should be entered as ‘NA.’Function returns a vector of the suitability index values that match given user inputs. Values are returned as equal to the extreme of a range if inputs are outside of model range.
SIcalc
## function (SI, input.proj)
## {
## nSI <- length(colnames(SI))/2
## SI.cont <- c()
## for (i in 1:nSI) {
## SI.cont[i] <- is.numeric(SI[1, 2 * i - 1])
## }
## SI.out <- c()
## for (i in 1:nSI) {
## if (length(input.proj) != nSI) {
## SI.out <- "Number of inputs does not equal number of SI values."
## break
## }
## else if (is.na(input.proj[i]) | input.proj[i] == "NA") {
## SI.out[i] <- NA
## }
## else if (SI.cont[i] == TRUE) {
## SI.out[i] <- approx(SI[, 2 * i - 1], SI[, i * 2],
## xout = input.proj[i], method = "linear", rule = 2,
## ties = "ordered")$y
## }
## else {
## SI.out[i] <- SI[which(SI[, i * 2 - 1] == input.proj[i]),
## i * 2]
## }
## }
## return(SI.out)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c084bbddd0>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
HSIarimean(x)
Uses arithmetic mean to combine suitability indices into an overarching habitat suitability index.
Inputs are:
x: a vector of suitability indices.Function returns a value of habitat quality from 0 to 1 ignoring NA values.
HSIarimean
## function (x)
## {
## HSI <- mean(x, na.rm = TRUE)
## if (HSI < 0 | HSI > 1) {
## HSIout <- "Habitat suitability index not within 0 to 1 range."
## }
## else {
## HSIout <- HSI
## }
## return(HSIout)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c084f3d488>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
HSIwarimean(x, w)
Uses a weighted arithmetic mean to combine suitability indices into an overarching habitat suitability index.
Inputs are:
x: a vector of suitability indices.w: a vector of weights (0 to 1 values that must sum to
one).Function returns a value of habitat quality from 0 to 1 ignoring NA values.
HSIwarimean
## function (x, w)
## {
## if (length(w) != length(x)) {
## wmean <- "Number of weights does not equal number of SI values."
## }
## else if (sum(w, na.rm = TRUE) != 1) {
## wmean <- "Weights do not equal 1."
## }
## else if (sum(x * w, na.rm = TRUE) < 0 | sum(x * w, na.rm = TRUE) >
## 1) {
## wmean <- "Habitat suitability index not within 0 to 1 range."
## }
## else {
## wmean <- sum(x * w, na.rm = TRUE)
## }
## return(wmean)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c0851aa068>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
HSIgeomean(x)
Uses geometric mean to combine suitability indices into an overarching habitat suitability index.
Inputs are:
x: a vector of suitability indices.Function returns a value of habitat quality from 0 to 1 ignoring NA values.
HSIgeomean
## function (x)
## {
## HSI <- prod(x, na.rm = TRUE)^(1/length(which(is.na(x) !=
## TRUE)))
## if (HSI < 0 | HSI > 1) {
## HSIout <- "Habitat suitability index not within 0 to 1 range."
## }
## else {
## HSIout <- HSI
## }
## return(HSIout)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c0854b1d48>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
HSImin(x)
Uses the minimum of given suitability indices to calculate an overarching habitat suitability index.
Inputs are:
x: a vector of suitability indices.Function returns a value of habitat quality from 0 to 1 ignoring NA values.
HSImin
## function (x)
## {
## HSI <- min(x, na.rm = TRUE)
## if (HSI < 0 | HSI > 1) {
## HSIout <- "Habitat suitability index not within 0 to 1 range."
## }
## else {
## HSIout <- HSI
## }
## return(HSIout)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c08175a7d0>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
HSIeqtn(HSImodelname, SIV, HSImetadata, exclude)
Computes a habitat suitability index based on equations specified in
USFWS habitat suitability models contained within ecorest
via HSImodels and HSImetadata. Habitat
suitability indices represent an overall assessment of habitat quality
from combining individual suitability indices for multiple independent
variables. The function computes an overall habitat suitability index.
This function only applies to built-in index models described in Section
3.1.
Inputs are:
HSImodelname: a character string in quotations that
must match an existing model name in HSImetadata.SIV: a vector of suitability index values used in the
model specified in HSImodelname.HSImetadata: a data frame of HSI model metadata within
the ecorest package.exclude: a list of character strings specifying
components to be excluded from calculations. See
HSImetadata for a list of available model components.Function returns a numeric of the habitat suitability index ranging from 0 to 1.
HSIeqtn
## function (HSImodelname, SIV, HSImetadata, exclude = NULL)
## {
## model.loc <- which(HSImetadata$model == HSImodelname)
## SIV.name.gen <- names(which(colSums(!is.na(HSImetadata[model.loc,
## 9:40])) > 0))
## var.name <- c(SIV.name.gen, "CF", "CRF", "CRN", "CC", "CCRO",
## "CCRF", "CCF", "CCSF", "CCHF", "CWF", "CSF", "CFF", "CW",
## "CCB", "CB", "CN", "CNBC", "CCN", "CP", "CWQ", "CR",
## "CCR", "CD", "COT", "CL", "CEL", "CE", "CJ", "CFr", "CS",
## "CA", "CI", "CIN", "CNI", "CWFC", "CFBS", "CFSWF", "CSPF",
## "CWC", "CCFS", "CSS", "CT", "CTe", "CJA", "Eqtn")
## HSI <- vector("list", length = length(var.name))
## names(HSI) <- var.name
## HSI$CF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CRF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CRF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CRN <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CRN[model.loc]))
## HSI$CC <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CC[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCRO <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCRO[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCRF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCRF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCSF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCSF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCHF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCHF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CWF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CWF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CSF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CSF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CFF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CFF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CW <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CW[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCB <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCB[model.loc]))
## HSI$CB <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CB[model.loc]))
## HSI$CN <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CN[model.loc]))
## HSI$CNBC <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CNBC[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCN <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCN[model.loc]))
## HSI$CP <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CP[model.loc]))
## HSI$CWQ <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CWQ[model.loc]))
## HSI$CR <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CR[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCR <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCR[model.loc]))
## HSI$CD <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CD[model.loc]))
## HSI$COT <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$COT[model.loc]))
## HSI$CL <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CL[model.loc]))
## HSI$CEL <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CEL[model.loc]))
## HSI$CE <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CE[model.loc]))
## HSI$CJ <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CJ[model.loc]))
## HSI$CFr <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CFr[model.loc]))
## HSI$CS <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CS[model.loc]))
## HSI$CA <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CA[model.loc]))
## HSI$CI <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CI[model.loc]))
## HSI$CIN <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CIN[model.loc]))
## HSI$CNI <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CNI[model.loc]))
## HSI$CWFC <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CWFC[model.loc]))
## HSI$CFBS <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CFBS[model.loc]))
## HSI$CFSWF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CFSWF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CSPF <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CSPF[model.loc]))
## HSI$CWC <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CWC[model.loc]))
## HSI$CCFS <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CCFS[model.loc]))
## HSI$CSS <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CSS[model.loc]))
## HSI$CT <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CT[model.loc]))
## HSI$CTe <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CTe[model.loc]))
## HSI$CJA <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$CJA[model.loc]))
## HSI$Eqtn <- parse(text = paste(HSImetadata$Eqtn[model.loc]))
## if (is.null(exclude) == FALSE) {
## for (c in 1:length(exclude)) {
## HSI[[which(names(HSI) == exclude[c])]] <- parse(text = paste(NA))
## }
## }
## for (i in 1:length(SIV)) {
## HSI[[i]] <- SIV[i]
## }
## HSI.out <- HSI
## j <- length(SIV.name.gen)
## HSI.out[[j + 1]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CF))
## HSI.out[[j + 2]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CRF))
## HSI.out[[j + 3]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CRN))
## HSI.out[[j + 4]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CC))
## HSI.out[[j + 5]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCRO))
## HSI.out[[j + 6]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCRF))
## HSI.out[[j + 7]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCF))
## HSI.out[[j + 8]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCSF))
## HSI.out[[j + 9]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCHF))
## HSI.out[[j + 10]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CWF))
## HSI.out[[j + 11]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CSF))
## HSI.out[[j + 12]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CFF))
## HSI.out[[j + 13]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CW))
## HSI.out[[j + 14]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCB))
## HSI.out[[j + 15]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CB))
## HSI.out[[j + 16]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CN))
## HSI.out[[j + 17]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CNBC))
## HSI.out[[j + 18]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCN))
## HSI.out[[j + 19]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CP))
## HSI.out[[j + 20]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CWQ))
## HSI.out[[j + 21]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CR))
## HSI.out[[j + 22]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCR))
## HSI.out[[j + 23]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CD))
## HSI.out[[j + 24]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$COT))
## HSI.out[[j + 25]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CL))
## HSI.out[[j + 26]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CEL))
## HSI.out[[j + 27]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CE))
## HSI.out[[j + 28]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CJ))
## HSI.out[[j + 29]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CFr))
## HSI.out[[j + 30]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CS))
## HSI.out[[j + 31]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CA))
## HSI.out[[j + 32]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CI))
## HSI.out[[j + 33]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CIN))
## HSI.out[[j + 34]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CNI))
## HSI.out[[j + 35]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CWFC))
## HSI.out[[j + 36]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CFBS))
## HSI.out[[j + 37]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CFSWF))
## HSI.out[[j + 38]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CSPF))
## HSI.out[[j + 39]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CWC))
## HSI.out[[j + 40]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CCFS))
## HSI.out[[j + 41]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CSS))
## HSI.out[[j + 42]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CT))
## HSI.out[[j + 43]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CTe))
## HSI.out[[j + 44]] <- with(HSI, eval(HSI$CJA))
## HSI.out[[j + 45]] <- with(HSI.out, eval(HSI.out$Eqtn))
## HSI.out2 <- HSI.out[which(!is.na(HSI.out))]
## HSI.out3 <- data.frame(HSI.out2)
## if (length(SIV.name.gen) != length(SIV)) {
## HSI.out4 <- "SIV vector length does not match equation."
## }
## else {
## HSI.out4 <- ifelse(is.numeric(HSI.out3$Eqtn), HSI.out3$Eqtn,
## "NA with possible SIV input error.")
## }
## return(HSI.out4)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c08060e3b0>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
HUcalc(SI.out, habitat.quantity, HSIfunc, ...)
Computes habitat units given a set of suitability indices, a habitat suitability index equation, and habitat quantity.
Inputs are:
SI.out: a vector of application-specific suitability
indices, which can be produced from SIcalc or other
functions.habitat.quantity: a numeric of habitat size associated
with these suitability indices (i.e., length, area, or volume).HSIfunc: a function for combination of the suitability
indices....: optional arguments to HSIfunc.Function returns a vector of habitat quality, habitat quantity, and index units (quantity times quality).
HUcalc
## function (SI.out, habitat.quantity, HSIfunc, ...)
## {
## HU.out <- as.data.frame(matrix(NA, nrow = 1, ncol = 3))
## colnames(HU.out) <- c("Quality", "Quantity", "IndexUnits")
## HU.out$Quality <- HSIfunc(SI.out, ...)
## HU.out$Quantity <- habitat.quantity
## HU.out$IndexUnits <- HU.out$Quality * HU.out$Quantity
## return(HU.out)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c07e2b4dc0>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
This section documents the decision support functions in ecorest used to compare restoration alternatives when benefits are non-monetary and costs are monetary (or otherwise expressed in different units). The functions implement standard cost-effectiveness and incremental cost analysis concepts by (1) converting time-varying outcomes to time-averaged metrics when needed, (2) identifying cost-effective alternatives that form the efficient frontier, (3) evaluating incremental trade-offs along that frontier to identify “best buys,” and (4) producing standardized tabular and graphical summaries for interpretation and reporting.
annualizer(timevec, benefits)
Computes time-averaged quantities based on linear interpolation.
Inputs are:
timevec: numeric vector of time intervals.benefits: numeric vector of values to be
interpolated.Function returns a time-averaged value over the specified time horizon.
annualizer
## function (timevec, benefits)
## {
## if (length(timevec) != length(benefits)) {
## benefits.avgann <- "Number of time points does not equal number of benefit values."
## }
## else {
## ntime <- length(timevec)
## time.intervals <- timevec[-1] - timevec[-ntime]
## area.rec <- time.intervals * apply(cbind(benefits[-ntime],
## benefits[-1]), 1, min)
## area.tri <- 0.5 * time.intervals * abs(benefits[-ntime] -
## benefits[-1])
## benefits.avgann <- sum(area.rec + area.tri)/(max(timevec) -
## min(timevec))
## }
## return(benefits.avgann)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c081e49810>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
CEfinder(benefit, cost)
Returns cost-effectiveness analysis for a particular set of alternatives.
Inputs are:
benefit: a vector of restoration benefits. Typically,
these are time-averaged ecological outcomes (e.g., average annual
habitat units). Often project benefits are best presented as the “lift”
associated with a restoration action(i.e., the benefits of an
alternative minus the benefits of a “no action” plan).cost: a vector of restoration costs. Typically, these
are monetary costs associated with a given restoration action such as
project first cost or annualized economic cost. Notably, these functions
are agnostic to units, so costs could also be non-monetary such as lost
political capital or social costs of each alternative.Function returns a numeric vector identifying each plan as cost-effective (1) or non-cost-effective (0). The cost-effective actions comprise the Pareto frontier of non-dominated alternatives at a given level of cost or benefit.
CEfinder
## function (benefit, cost)
## {
## CE <- c()
## for (i in 1:length(benefit)) {
## bigben <- which(benefit >= benefit[i])
## CE[i] <- ifelse(length(which(cost[bigben] <= cost[i])) ==
## 1, 1, 0)
## }
## return(CE)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c0831089d0>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
BBfinder(benefit, cost, CE)
Examines the slope of the cost-effectiveness frontier to isolate how unit cost (cost/benefit) increases with increasing environmental benefit. Restoration actions with the lowest slope of unit cost are considered “best buys”.
Inputs are:
benefit: a vector of restoration benefits. Typically,
these are time-averagedecological outcomes (e.g., average annual habitat
units). Often project benefits are best presented as the “lift”
associated with a restoration action(i.e., the benefits of an
alternative minus the benefits of a “no action” plan).cost: a vector of restoration costs. Typically, these
are monetary costs associated with a given restoration action such as
project first cost or annualized economic cost. Notably, these functions
are agnostic to units, so costs could also be non-monetary such as lost
political capital or social costs of each alternative.CE: numeric vector of 0’s and 1’s indicating whether a
plan is cost-effective (1) or non-cost-effective (0). Can be derived
from CEfinder.Function returns a list with summaries of all restoration actions as well as best buy plans only.
BBfinder
## function (benefit, cost, CE)
## {
## ben.CE <- benefit[which(CE == 1)]
## cost.CE <- cost[which(CE == 1)]
## nCE <- length(ben.CE)
## ben.CE2 <- ben.CE[order(cost.CE)]
## cost.CE2 <- cost.CE[order(cost.CE)]
## BB <- c(1)
## for (i in 1:nCE) {
## ce.bentemp <- ben.CE2[-1:-BB[i]]
## ce.costtemp <- cost.CE2[-1:-BB[i]]
## inccost <- (ce.costtemp - cost.CE2[BB[i]])/(ce.bentemp -
## ben.CE2[BB[i]])
## BB[i + 1] <- which(inccost == min(inccost)) + BB[i]
## if (BB[i + 1] >= nCE) {
## break
## }
## }
## nBB <- length(BB)
## ben.BB <- ben.CE2[BB]
## cost.BB <- cost.CE2[BB]
## inccost.BB <- (cost.BB[-1] - cost.BB[-nBB])/(ben.BB[-1] -
## ben.BB[-nBB])
## BB.find <- c()
## for (i in 1:nBB) {
## BB.find[i] <- which(benefit == ben.BB[i] & cost == cost.BB[i])
## }
## BB.loc <- rep_len(0, length.out = length(benefit))
## BB.loc[BB.find] <- 1
## BB.out <- list()
## BB.out[[1]] <- cbind(benefit, cost, CE, BB.loc)
## colnames(BB.out[[1]]) <- c("benefit", "cost", "CE", "BB")
## BB.out[[2]] <- cbind(ben.BB, cost.BB, c(0, inccost.BB))
## colnames(BB.out[[2]]) <- c("benefit", "cost", "inccost")
## return(BB.out)
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c083632e80>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
CEICAplotter(altnames, benefit, cost, CE, BB, figure.name)
Plots summary outputs of Cost-effective Incremental Cost Analysis (CEICA) in *.jpeg format.
Inputs are:
altnames: a vector of numerics or characters as unique
restoration action identifiers.benefit: a vector of restoration benefits. Typically,
these are time-averagedecological outcomes (e.g., average annual habitat
units). Often project benefits are best presented as the “lift”
associated with a restoration action(i.e., the benefits of an
alternative minus the benefits of a “no action” plan).cost: a vector of restoration costs. Typically, these
are monetary costs associated with a given restoration action such as
project first cost or annualized economic cost. Notably, these functions
are agnostic to units, so costs could also be non-monetary such as lost
political capital or social costs of each alternative.CE: numeric vector of 0’s and 1’s indicating whether a
plan is cost-effective (1) or non-cost-effective (0). Can be derived
from CEfinder.BB: numeric vector of 0’s and 1’s indicating whether a
plan is a best buy (1) or not (0). Can be derived by isolating select
outputs from BBfinder.figure.name: output figure file name structured as
“filename.jpeg”.Function returns a multi-panel *.jpeg figure summarizing cost-effectiveness and incremental cost analysesvalue of habitat quality from 0 to 1 ignoring NA values.
CEICAplotter
## function (altnames, benefit, cost, CE, BB, figure.name)
## {
## oldpar <- par("mfrow", "mgp", "mar")
## on.exit(par(oldpar))
## nalt <- length(altnames)
## nCE <- sum(CE)
## nBB <- sum(BB)
## ben.CE <- benefit[which(CE == 1)]
## cost.CE <- cost[which(CE == 1)]
## ben.CE.order <- ben.CE[order(cost.CE)]
## cost.CE.order <- cost.CE[order(cost.CE)]
## ben.BB <- benefit[which(BB == 1)]
## cost.BB <- cost[which(BB == 1)]
## ben.BB.order <- ben.BB[order(cost.BB)]
## cost.BB.order <- cost.BB[order(cost.BB)]
## inccost.BB <- (cost.BB.order[-1] - cost.BB.order[-nBB])/(ben.BB.order[-1] -
## ben.BB.order[-nBB])
## CEICA.col <- viridis(nBB)
## leg.name <- c()
## for (i in 1:nBB) {
## leg.name[i] <- altnames[which(benefit == ben.BB.order[i] &
## cost == cost.BB.order[i])]
## }
## jpeg(filename = figure.name, units = "in", width = 12, height = 6,
## res = 400)
## par(mfrow = c(1, 2), mgp = c(2, 0.5, 0), mar = c(3.5, 3.5,
## 3, 1))
## plot(c(0, 1), c(0, 1), type = "n", xlim = range(benefit),
## ylim = range(cost), axes = FALSE, xlab = "Ecological Benefit",
## ylab = "Cost", main = "(A) Cost-Effectiveness Analysis")
## grid()
## box()
## axis(1)
## axis(2, at = axTicks(2), labels = prettyNum(axTicks(2), big.mark = ",",
## scientific = FALSE), las = 0, cex.axis = 0.75, tick = TRUE)
## points(benefit, cost, pch = 1, cex = 0.8, col = "black")
## lines(ben.CE.order, cost.CE.order, lwd = 2)
## points(ben.CE.order, cost.CE.order, pch = 19, cex = 1, col = "black")
## points(ben.BB.order, cost.BB.order, pch = 1, lwd = 3, cex = 3,
## col = CEICA.col)
## legend("topleft", legend = c("All Plans", "Cost-Effective Frontier",
## "Best Buys"), lwd = c(NA, 2, NA), pch = c(1, 19, 1),
## pt.cex = c(0.8, 1, 3), col = c("black", "black", viridis(1)),
## bg = "white")
## plot(c(0, 1), c(0, 1), type = "n", xlim = range(ben.BB),
## ylim = c(0, max(inccost.BB)), axes = FALSE, xlab = "Ecological Benefit",
## ylab = "Incremental Cost per Benefit (cost/unit)", main = "(B) Incremental Cost Analysis")
## box()
## axis(1)
## axis(2, at = axTicks(2), labels = prettyNum(axTicks(2), big.mark = ",",
## scientific = FALSE), las = 0, cex.axis = 0.75, tick = TRUE)
## for (i in 1:(nBB - 1)) {
## xtemp <- c(ben.BB.order[i], ben.BB.order[i + 1], ben.BB.order[i +
## 1], ben.BB.order[i])
## ytemp <- c(0, 0, inccost.BB[i], inccost.BB[i])
## polygon(xtemp, ytemp, col = CEICA.col[i + 1], border = "black")
## }
## legend("topleft", legend = leg.name[-1], fill = CEICA.col[-1],
## bg = "white")
## invisible(dev.off())
## }
## <bytecode: 0x000002c083f84928>
## <environment: namespace:ecorest>
Ecological models typically rely on multiple variables or ecological processes, and in many cases present a variety of ecological outcomes. Models can quickly become complex system representations with many components, inputs, assumptions, and modules. Model evaluation is the process for ensuring that numerical tools are scientifically defensible and transparently developed. Evaluation is often referred to as verification or validation, but it in fact includes a family of methods ranging from peer review to model testing to error checking (Schmolke et al. 2010). In this more general sense, evaluation should include the following (Grant and Swannack 2008): (1) assessing the reasonableness of model structure, (2) assessing functional relationships and verifying code, (3) evaluating model behavior relative to expected patterns, (4) comparing outcomes to empirical data, if possible, and (5) analyzing uncertainty in predictions. The USACE has established an ecological model certification process to ensure that planning models are sound and functional. These generally consist of evaluating tools relative to the three following categories: system quality, technical quality, and usability (EC 1105-2-412).
To confirm proper functionality, the ecorest package was
rigorously assessed and peer-reviewed to ensure computational and
numerical accuracy. System quality was assessed following best practices
from McKay et al. (2022).
Workflow planning and consistency: The ecorest
package was designed with a common workflow to ensure that HSI models
were implemented clearly and consistently. All models were coded with
consistent formatting in HSImetadata and
HSImodels, and naming conventions were implemented to
ensure clarity when reviewing model parameters (Appendix B).
Team-based coding: Version 1.0.0 of ecorest was
designed jointly by S.K. McKay and D.D. Hernandez-Abrams using
team-based coding. Following package implementation, K.C. Cushway
conducted a thorough review of model structure and accuracy by
revisiting the model documentation from the USFWS for every HSI model in
ecorest to identify potential errors and ensure code
accuracy. Model updates or improvements are implemented in versions
2.0.0 and 2.0.1.
Error reporting: To communicate issues to users and
reviewers, functions in ecorest were designed to generate
error messages in the event of incorrect inputs or user errors. Common
error messages in ecorest include incorrect number of input
errors, out of range errors, and errors regarding incorrect
formatting.
Examples of some error messages associated with various
ecorest functions:
# Error message in HSI functions if HSI values are not within 0-1 range
if (HSI < 0 | HSI > 1) {
HSIout <- "Habitat suitability index not within 0 to 1 range."
}
# Error messages in HSIwarimean indicating an incorrect number of inputs, incorrect values for inputs, and incorrect outputs
if (length(w) != length(x)) {
wmean <- "Number of weights does not equal number of SI values."
} else if (sum(w, na.rm = TRUE) != 1) {
wmean <- "Weights do not equal 1."
} else if (sum(x * w, na.rm = TRUE) < 0 | sum(x * w, na.rm = TRUE) >
1) {
wmean <- "Habitat suitability index not within 0 to 1 range."
} else {
wmean <- sum(x * w, na.rm = TRUE)
}
# Error message indicating an incorrect number of time points has been entered in the annualizer function
if (length(timevec) != length(benefits)) {
benefits.avgann <- "Number of time points does not equal number of benefit values."
}
Documentation: Comprehensive documentation of functions in
ecorest was auto-generated by R during publication and can
be accessed at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ecorest/ecorest.pdf.
Documentation includes descriptions of each function, their arguments
and outputs, relevant references in the literature, and example
applications. In addition, the authors documented all changes made to
the package during error checking, including the nature of the changes,
the reasoning for updates, and confirmation of implementation.
Interim code checking: During model integration into R, code
functionality was checked periodically for each HSI model to ensure that
models were operational, implemented correctly, and performed as
expected. In addition, all models with USFWS documentation that included
test data sets (n = 152 of 349) were verified for accuracy using all
available test data (Appendix C). In cases where HSIeqtn
outputs did not match USFWS outputs, models were independently verified
to determine whether mismatches were due to rounding errors, coding
issues in ecorest, or probable errors in USWFS
documentation.
Formal model testing: Prior to release of
ecorest version 2.1.0, every function in
the package was tested to determine whether strategically selected
inputs resulted in expected outcomes (Appendix C). For functions that
require mathematical calculations, expected (i.e., correct)
inputs, inputs with NA values, and invalid inputs were tested to ensure
that functions properly handled both error messages and correct
outputs.Where applicable, functions were also tested to ensure that
inputs with mismatched lengths resulted in an error message.Each
function was tested between 300 and 9999 times, depending on inputs
(Appendix C).
R packages published and maintained on the Comprehensive R Archive
Network (CRAN) undergo automated reviews prior to initial package
release and every package update to ensure that they are functional and
compatible with multiple versions of R software, and that dependencies
or reverse dependencies remain functional (Wickham and Bryan 2023).
Every initial R package submission is subject to both this automated
review and an additional human review to ensure that it meets the CRAN
standards for quality assurance (Wickham and Bryan 2023). Version 1.0.0
of ecorest passed the automated and human reviews at
initial submission, and both automated reviews for updates to version
2.0.0, 2.0.1, and 2.1.0. The newest version of
ecorest, v 2.1.0, is currently available
on CRAN at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ecorest/index.html,
and older versions are archived on CRAN at https://cran.r-project.org/src/contrib/Archive/ecorest/.
All blue-book HSI models included in ecorest are
literature-based and grounded in expert opinion. To further assess each
model’s technical quality, a sensitivity and uncertainty analysis was
performed (Cushway et al., in review). Results of each analysis are
summarized in PDF format at https://github.com/EcoModTeam/ecorest-sensitivity-and-uncertainty,
but users interested in evaluating model technical quality may consider
running their own sensitivity and uncertainty analysis using the process
outlined in Appendix D, as the current analysis was generalized for all
models and made relatively broad assumptions about parameter and output
probability distributions.
Usability: Model software / hardware availability or requirements (e.g., ACE-IT approval). Input data availability, formatting, and processing. Output format and processing. Training availability. Technical support by developer, model documents, etc. Model accessibility (e.g., open source code, web-service, version control). Proprietary / black box?
Other considerations: USACE policy compliance and conformance. End-user capability. Adaptability for future applications (same system new data, different systems). Archival (code, model maintenance, new programming languages, etc.).
In general for USACE: R is globally available and free. R is ACE-IT approved. Simple formatting.
Within R-package:
Provide a brief walk-through of application of each function. Appendix provides integrated examples of functions used together for ecosystem restoration decisions. Other appendix provides user’s guide.
Considerations for Application: What are some of the key limitations (geographic, numerical, system type)? Look back at conceptual model limits, numerical limits, etc. This should be a synthesis for future teams. What’s not in the model that the user needs to know about?
Future improvement:
Communication
Insert brief review with some highlights. Major approach? Key findings? Model limitations?
Funding: EMRRP
Ideas and collaboration: Nate Richards, Tyler Keys, Christina Saltus, Brook Herman, Carra Carrillo
Testers: Michael Dougherty, Mick Porter, Danny Allen, Robin Armetta, etc.
Allen, A.W. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: barred owl. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.143). 17 pp
Brinson M.M. 1993. A hydrogeomorphic classification for wetlands. Technical Report WRP-DE-4. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Waterway Experiment Station.
Carrillo C., McKay S.K., and Swannack T.S. 2020. Ecological Model Development: Toolkit for interActive Modeling (TAM). ERDC TN-EMRRP-??. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Fischenich J.C. 2008. The application of conceptual models to ecosystem restoration. ERDC TN-EBA-TN-08-1. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Grant W.E. and Swannack T.M. 2008. Ecological modeling: A common-sense approach to theory and practice. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Herman B.D., McKay S.K., Altman S., Richards N.S., Reif M., Piercy C.D., and Swannack T.M. 2019. Unpacking the black box: Demystifying ecological models through mediated modeling and hands-on learning. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 7 (122), doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2019.00122.
Hijmans R.J. and Ghosh A. 2019. Spatial data analysis with R. https://rspatial.org/.
McKay S.K. 2009. Reducing spreadsheet errors. ERDC TN-EMRRP-EBA-03. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
McKay, S. Kyle, Darixa D. Hernandez-Abrams, and Kiara C. Cushway. 2025. ecorest: Conducts Analyses Informing Ecosystem Restoration Decisions. R package, version 2.0.1. Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ecorest
McKay S.K., Pruitt B.A., Zettle B., Hallberg N., Hughes C., Annaert A., Ladart M., and McDonald J. 2018a. Proctor Creek Ecological Model (PCEM): Phase 1-Site screening. ERDC/EL TR-18-11. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
McKay S.K., Pruitt B.A., Zettle B.A., Hallberg N., Moody V., Annaert A., Ladart M., Hayden M., and McDonald J. 2018b. Proctor Creek Ecological Model (PCEM): Phase 2-Benefits analysis. ERDC/EL TR-18-11. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
McKay S.K., Richards N., and Swannack T.M. 2019. Aligning ecological model development with restoration project planning. ERDC EMRRP-SR-89. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
McKay, S.K., Richards, N., and Swannack T.M. 2022. Ecological model development: evaluation of system quality. ERDC/TN EMRRP-EBA-26. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
McMahin, TE, JW Terrell, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Walleye. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.56. 43 pp.
Palesh G. and Anderson D. 1990. Modification of the habitat suitability index model for the bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) for winter conditions for the Upper Mississippi River backwater habitats.
R Core Team. 2019. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
Robinson R. Hansen W., and Orth K. 1995. Evaluation of environmental investments procedures manual interim: Cost effectiveness and incremental cost analyses. IWR Report 95-R-1. Institute for Water Resources, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alexandria, Virginia.
Smith R.D., Ammann A., Bartoldus C., and Brinson M.M. 1995. An approach for assessing wetland functions using hydrogeomorphic classification, reference wetlands, and functional indices. Technical Report WRP-DE-9. Vicksburg, MS: Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.
Stuber R.J., Gebhart G., and Maughan O.E. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Bluegill. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.8. 26 pp.
Swannack T.M., Fischenich J.C., and Tazik D.J. 2012. Ecological modeling guide for ecosystem restoration and management. ERDC/EL TR-12-18. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center.
Swannack T.M., Reif M., and Soniat T.M. 2014. A robust, spatially explicit model for identifying oyster restoration sites: Case studies on the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. Journal of Shellfish Research, 33 (2), 395-408.
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| Model Name | Taxa | Documentation | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| alewifeJuv | Alosa pseudoharengus | Pardue, GB. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: alewife and blueback herring. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.58. 22pp. | |
| alewifeJuvAndSAEL | Alosa pseudoharengus | Pardue, GB. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: alewife and blueback herring. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.58. 22pp. | |
| alewifeSAEL | Alosa pseudoharengus | Pardue, GB. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: alewife and blueback herring. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.58. 22pp. | |
| americanalligatorNontidal | Alligator mississippiensis | Newsom, JD, T Joanen, and RJ Howard. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: American alligator. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.136). 14 pp. | |
| americanalligatorTidal | Alligator mississippiensis | Newsom, JD, T Joanen, and RJ Howard. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: American alligator. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.136). 14 pp. | |
| americanblackduckWinteringEVegWetland | Anas rubripes | Lewis, JC, and RL Garrison. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: American black duck (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.68. 16 pp. | |
| americanblackduckWinteringNCapeCod | Anas rubripes | Lewis, JC, and RL Garrison. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: American black duck (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.68. 16 pp. | |
| americanblackduckWinteringSCapeCod | Anas rubripes | Lewis, JC, and RL Garrison. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: American black duck (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.68. 16 pp. | |
| americancoot | Fulica americana | Allen, AW. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: American coot. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.115). 17 pp. | |
| americaneiderBreeding | Somateria mollissima dresseri | Blumton, AK, RB Owen Jr, and WB Krohn. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: American eider (breeding). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.149). 24 pp. | |
| americanoysterGulfofMexModifier | Crassostrea virginica | Cake Jr, EW. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Gulf of Mexico American oyster. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.f57. 37 pp. | |
| americanoysterGulfofMexTypical | Crassostrea virginica | Cake Jr, EW. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Gulf of Mexico American oyster. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.f57. 37 pp. | |
| americanshadEstu | Alosa sapidissima | Stier, DJ, and JH Crance. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: American shad. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.88) 34 pp. | |
| americanshadRiv | Alosa sapidissima | Stier, DJ, and JH Crance. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: American shad. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.88) 34 pp. | |
| americanwoodcockWinteringForestedDry | Scolopax minor | Cade, BS. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: American woodcock (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.105) 23 pp. | |
| americanwoodcockWinteringForestedMoist | Scolopax minor | Cade, BS. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: American woodcock (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.105) 23 pp. | |
| americanwoodcockWinteringForestedWet | Scolopax minor | Cade, BS. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: American woodcock (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.105) 23 pp. | |
| americanwoodcockWinteringShrubDry | Scolopax minor | Cade, BS. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: American woodcock (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.105) 23 pp. | |
| americanwoodcockWinteringShrubMoist | Scolopax minor | Cade, BS. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: American woodcock (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.105) 23 pp. | |
| americanwoodcockWinteringShrubWet | Scolopax minor | Cade, BS. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: American woodcock (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.105) 23 pp. | |
| arcticgrayling | Thymallus arcticus | Hubert, WA, RS Helzner, LA Lee, and PC Nelson. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Arctic grayling riverine populations. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.110). 34 pp | |
| atlanticcroakerLATideLt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| atlanticcroakerLATideMt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| atlanticcroakerOtherTideLt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| atlanticcroakerOtherTideMt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandLATideLt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandLATideMt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandOtherTideLt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandOtherTideMt0.5m | Micropogonias undulatus | Diaz, RJ, and CP Onuf. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile Atlantic croaker (revised). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.98). 23 pp. | |
| bairdssparrow | Ammodramus bairdii | Sousa, PJ, and WN McDonal. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Baird’s sparrow. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.44. 12 pp. | |
| baldeagleBreeding | Haliaeetus leucocephalus | Peterson, A. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: Bald eagle (breeding season). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.126). 25 pp. | |
| barredowl | Strix varia | Allen, AW. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: barred owl. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.143). 17 pp. | |
| beaverLacAreaLt8ha | Castor canadensis | Allen, AW. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Beaver. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.30. 20 pp | |
| beaverLacAreaMtoe8ha | Castor canadensis | Allen, AW. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Beaver. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.30. 20 pp | |
| beaverPalu | Castor canadensis | Allen, AW. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Beaver. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.30. 20 pp | |
| beaverRiv | Castor canadensis | Allen, AW. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Beaver. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.30. 20 pp | |
| beltedkingfisherLenticConstWave | Ceryle alcyon | Prose, BL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Belted kingfisher. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.87). 22 pp. | |
| beltedkingfisherLenticNoConstWave | Ceryle alcyon | Prose, BL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Belted kingfisher. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.87). 22 pp. | |
| beltedkingfisherLotic | Ceryle alcyon | Prose, BL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Belted kingfisher. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.87). 22 pp. | |
| bigmouthbuffaloLacNoSal | Ictiobus cyprinellus | Edwards, EA. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Bigmouth buffalo. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10/34. 23 pp. | |
| bigmouthbuffaloLacSal | Ictiobus cyprinellus | Edwards, EA. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Bigmouth buffalo. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10/34. 23 pp. | |
| bigmouthbuffaloRivNoSal | Ictiobus cyprinellus | Edwards, EA. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Bigmouth buffalo. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10/34. 23 pp. | |
| bigmouthbuffaloRivSal | Ictiobus cyprinellus | Edwards, EA. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Bigmouth buffalo. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10/34. 23 pp. | |
| blackbear | Ursus americanus | Rogers, LL, and AW Allen. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: black bear, Upper Great Lakes Region. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10/144). 54 pp. | |
| blackbelliedwhistlingduck | Dendrocygna autumnalis | McKenzie, PM, and PJ Zwank. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: black-bellied whistling-duck (breeding). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.150). 22 pp | |
| blackbrant | Branta bernicla nigricans | Schroeder, RL. 1984. Habitat suitabilitly index models: Black brant. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.63. 11 pp. | |
| blackbullheadLac | Ictalurus melas | Stuber, RJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Black bullhead. U.S. Dept. int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.14. 25 pp. | |
| blackbullheadRiv | Ictalurus melas | Stuber, RJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Black bullhead. U.S. Dept. int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.14. 25 pp. | |
| blackcappedchickadeeFoodCanH | Poecile atricapillus | Schroeder, RL. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Black-capped chickadee. FWS/OBS-82/10.37. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. | |
| blackcappedchickadeeFoodCanVol | Poecile atricapillus | Schroeder, RL. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Black-capped chickadee. FWS/OBS-82/10.37. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. | |
| blackcrappieLacNoSal | Pomoxis nigromaculatus | Edwards, EA., DA. Krieger, M Bacteller, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Black crappie. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.6. 25 pp. | |
| blackcrappieLacSal | Pomoxis nigromaculatus | Edwards, EA, DA Krieger, M Bacteller, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Black crappie. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.6. 25 pp. | |
| blackcrappieRivNoSal | Pomoxis nigromaculatus | Edwards, EA, DA Krieger, M Bacteller, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Black crappie. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.6. 25 pp. | |
| blackcrappieRivSal | Pomoxis nigromaculatus | Edwards, EA, DA Krieger, M Bacteller, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Black crappie. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.6. 25 pp. | |
| blacknosedaceLac | Rhinichthys atratulus | Trial, JG, JG Stanley, M Batcheller, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Blacknose dace. US Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.41. 28 pp. | |
| blacknosedaceRiv | Rhinichthys atratulus | Trial, JG, JG Stanley, M Batcheller, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Blacknose dace. US Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.41. 28 pp. | |
| blackshoulderedkite | Elanus caeruleus | Faanes, CA, and RJ Howard. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: black-shouldered kite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.130). 13 pp. | |
| blacktailedprairiedog | Cynomys ludovicianus | Clippinger, NW. 1989. Habitat suitability index models: Black-tailed prairie dog. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.156). 21 pp. | |
| bluegillLac | Lepomis macrochirus | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat Suitability Index Models: Bluegill. USFWS Report FWS/OBS-82/10.8. 26pp. | |
| bluegillRiv | Lepomis macrochirus | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat Suitability Index Models: Bluegill. USFWS Report FWS/OBS-82/10.8. 26pp. | |
| bluegrouse | Dendragapus obscurus | Schroeder, RL. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Blue grouse. U.S. Fish Wildl. Servo FWS/OBS-82/10.81. 19 pp. | |
| blueherringJuv | Alosa aestivalis | Pardue, GB. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: alewife and blueback herring. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.58. 22pp. | |
| blueherringJuvAndSAEL | Alosa aestivalis | Pardue, GB. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: alewife and blueback herring. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.58. 22pp. | |
| blueherringSAEL | Alosa aestivalis | Pardue, GB. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: alewife and blueback herring. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.58. 22pp. | |
| bluewingedtealBreeding | Spatula discors | Sousa, PJ. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Blue-winged teal (breeding). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.114). 36 pp. | |
| bobcatLt4ha | Felis rufus | Boyle, KA, and TT Fendley. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: bobcat. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.147). 16 pp. | |
| bobcatMtoe4ha | Felis rufus | Boyle, KA, and TT Fendley. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: bobcat. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.147). 16 pp. | |
| brewerssparrow | Spizella breweri | Short, HL. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Brewer’s sparrow. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82 | |
| brooktroutLacAllLtoe15C | Salvelinus fontinalis | Raleigh, RF. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Brook trout. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.24. 42 pp. | |
| brooktroutLacAllMt15C | Salvelinus fontinalis | Raleigh, RF. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Brook trout. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.24. 42 pp. | |
| brooktroutRivAllLtoe15CLtoe5mEC | Salvelinus fontinalis | Raleigh, RF. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Brook trout. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.24. 42 pp. | |
| brooktroutRivAllLtoe15CMt5mEC | Salvelinus fontinalis | Raleigh, RF. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Brook trout. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.24. 42 pp. | |
| brooktroutRivAllMt15CLtoe5mEC | Salvelinus fontinalis | Raleigh, RF. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Brook trout. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.24. 42 pp. | |
| brooktroutRivAllMt15CMt5mEC | Salvelinus fontinalis | Raleigh, RF. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Brook trout. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.24. 42 pp. | |
| brownshrimpNGulfofMex | Penaeus aztecus | Turner, RE, and MS Brody. 1983 Habitat suitability index models : northern Gulf of Mexico brown shrimp and white shrimp. U.S. Dept. of Int. Fish Wildl. Serv , FWS/OBS-82/l0.54. 24 pp. | |
| brownthrasher | Toxostoma rufum | Cade, BS. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: Brown thrasher. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.118). 14 pp. | |
| browntroutCompLtoe10C | Salmo trutta | Raleigh, RF, LD Zuckerman, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Brown trout, revised. US Fish and Wildlife Service. 82(10.124) 65 pp | |
| browntroutCompMt10C | Salmo trutta | Raleigh, RF, LD Zuckerman, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Brown trout, revised. US Fish and Wildlife Service. 82(10.124) 65 pp | |
| browntroutLimitLtoe10C | Salmo trutta | Raleigh, RF, LD Zuckerman, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Brown trout, revised. US Fish and Wildlife Service. 82(10.124) 65 pp | |
| browntroutLimitMt10C | Salmo trutta | Raleigh, RF, LD Zuckerman, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Brown trout, revised. US Fish and Wildlife Service. 82(10.124) 65 pp | |
| bullfrog | Rana catesbeiana | Graves, BM, and SH Anderson. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: bullfrog. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.138). 22 pp. | |
| cactuswren | Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus | Short, HL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Cactus wren. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.96). 15 pp. | |
| canvasbackBreeding | Aythya valisineria | Schroeder, RL. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Canvasback (breeding habitat). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.82. 16 pp. | |
| channelcatfishLac | Ictalurus punctatus | McMahon, TE., and JW Terrell. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Channel catfish. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.2. 29 pp. | |
| channelcatfishRiv | Ictalurus punctatus | McMahon, TE, and JW Terrell. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Channel catfish. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.2. 29 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonComp5to10CSand | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonComp5to10CSilt | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonCompLtoe5CSand | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonCompLtoe5CSilt | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonCompMt10CSand | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonCompMt10CSilt | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonLimit5to10CSand | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonLimit5to10CSilt | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonLimitLtoe5CSand | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonLimitLtoe5CSilt | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonLimitMt10CSand | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chinooksalmonLimitMt10CSilt | Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Raleigh, RF, WJ Miller, and PC Nelson. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: chinook salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.122). 64 pp. | |
| chumsalmonAlevin | Oncorhynchus keta | Hale, SS, TE McMahon, and PC Nelson. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Chum salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.108). 48 pp. | |
| chumsalmonEyedEmb | Oncorhynchus keta | Hale, SS, TE McMahon, and PC Nelson. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Chum salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.108). 48 pp. | |
| clapperrail | Rallus longirostris | Lewis, JC, and RL Garrison. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: clapper rail. U. S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Servo FWSjOBS-82jl0.51. 15 pp. | |
| cohosalmonSpringSummerSeaMig | Oncorhynchus kisutch | McMahon, TE. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Coho salmon. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.49. 29 pp | |
| cohosalmonWinterRearing | Oncorhynchus kisutch | McMahon, TE. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Coho salmon. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.49. 29 pp | |
| commoncarpLacNoSal | Cyprinus carpio | Edwards, EA, and KA Twomey. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Common carp. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.12. 27 pp. | |
| commoncarpLacSal | Cyprinus carpio | Edwards, EA, and KA Twomey. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Common carp. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.12. 27 pp. | |
| commoncarpRivNoSal | Cyprinus carpio | Edwards, EA, and KA Twomey. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Common carp. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.12. 27 pp. | |
| commoncarpRivSal | Cyprinus carpio | Edwards, EA, and KA Twomey. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Common carp. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.12. 27 pp. | |
| commonshinerLac | Luxilus cornutus | Trial, JG, CS Wade, JG Stanley, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Common shiner. US Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.40. 22pp. | |
| commonshinerRiv | Luxilus cornutus | Trial, JG, CS Wade, JG Stanley, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Common shiner. US Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.40. 22pp. | |
| creekchubRivLargerStrmDistMt5km | Semotilus atromaculatus | McMahon, TE. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Creek chub. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.4 23 pp. | |
| creekchubRivLargerStrmDistWithin5km | Semotilus atromaculatus | McMahon, TE. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Creek chub. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.4 23 pp. | |
| cutthroatLacGenLtoe15C | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatLacGenMt15C | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatLacLahontanLtoe15C | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatLacLahontanMt15C | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivGenLtoe15CLtoe5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivGenLtoe15CMt5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivGenMt15CLtoe5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivGenMt15CMt5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivLahontanLtoe15CLtoe5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivLahontanLtoe15CMt5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivLahontanMt15CLtoe5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| cutthroatRivLahontanMt15CMt5m | Oncorhynchus clarkii | Hickman, T, and RF Raleigh. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Cutthroat trout. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.5. 38 pp. | |
| diamondbackterrapinNesting | Malaclemys terrapin | Palmer, WM, and CL Cordes. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: Diamondback terrapin (nesting)–Atlantic coast. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.151). 18 pp. | |
| downywoodpecker | Picoides pubescens | Schroeder, RL. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Downy woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.38. 10 pp. | |
| easternbrownpelican | Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis | Hingtgen, TM, R Mulholland, and AV Zale. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: eastern brown pelican. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.90). 20 pp. | |
| easterncottontail | Sylvilagus floridanus | Allen, AW. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern cottontail. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.66. 23 pp. | |
| easternmeadowlark | Sturnella magna | Schroeder, RL, and PJ Sousa. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern meadowlark. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.29. 9 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyCroplandHerb | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyCroplandShrub | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH25.4cm | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH27.9cm | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH30.5cm | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH33.0cm | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH35.6cm | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH38.1cm | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyHerb | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| easternwildturkeyShrub | Meleagris gallopavo sylvestris | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Eastern wild turkey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.106). 33 pp. | |
| englishsoleJuv | Parophrys vetulus | Toole, CL, RA Barnhart, and CP Onuf. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile English sole. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.133). 27 pp. | |
| englishsoleJuvImpactAlt | Parophrys vetulus | Toole, CL, RA Barnhart, and CP Onuf. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: juvenile English sole. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.133). 27 pp. | |
| fallfishLac | Semotilus corporalis | Trial, JG, CS Wade, JG Stanley, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Fallfish. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.48. 15 pp. | |
| fallfishRivNoSpwn | Semotilus corporalis | Trial, JG, CS Wade, JG Stanley, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Fallfish. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.48. 15 pp. | |
| fallfishRivSpwn | Semotilus corporalis | Trial, JG, CS Wade, JG Stanley, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Fallfish. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.48. 15 pp. | |
| ferruginoushawkCrop | Buteo regalis | Jasikoff, TM. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Ferruginous hawk. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.10. 18 pp. | |
| ferruginoushawkHerbAndShrub | Buteo regalis | Jasikoff, TM. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Ferruginous hawk. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.10. 18 pp. | |
| fieldsparrow | Spizella pusilla | Sousa, PJ. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Field sparrow. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.62. 14 pp. | |
| fisherWinterCov | Pekania pennanti | Allen, AW. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Fisher. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.45. 19 pp | |
| flatheadcatfishMacro | Pylodictis olivaris | Lee, LA, and JW Terrell. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Flathead catfish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.152). 39pp. | |
| flounderGulf | Paralichthys albigutta | Enge, KM, and R Mulholland. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: southern and gulf flounders. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.92). 25 pp | |
| flounderSouthern | Paralichthys albigutta | Enge, KM, and R Mulholland. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: southern and gulf flounders. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.92). 25 pp | |
| forstersternBreeding | Sterna forsteri | Martin, RP, and PJ Zwank. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Forster’s tern (breeding)–Gulf and Atlantic coasts. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.131). 21 pp. | |
| foxsquirrel | Sciurus niger | Allen, AW. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: fox squirrel. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.18. 11 pp. | |
| gadwallBreeding | Anas strepera | Sousa, PJ. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Gadwall (breeding). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.100). 35 pp. | |
| gizzardshadLacNoTributaries | Dorosoma cepedianum | Williamson, KL, and PC Nelson. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Gizzard shad. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.112). 33 pp. | |
| gizzardshadLacSpwnTributaries | Dorosoma cepedianum | Williamson, KL, and PC Nelson. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Gizzard shad. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.112). 33 pp. | |
| graypartridge | Perdix perdix | Allen, AW. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Gray partridge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.73). 23 pp. | |
| graysquirrel | Sciurus carolinensis | Allen, AW. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: gray squirrel, revised. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.135). 16 pp. [First printed as: FWS/OBS-82/10.19. July 1982.] | |
| greatblueheron | Ardea herodias | Short, HL, and RJ Cooper. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Great blue heron. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.99). 23 pp. | |
| greategretFeeding | Ardea alba | Chapman, BR, and RJ Howard. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: great egret. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.78. 23 pp. | |
| greategretNestingIsland | Ardea alba | Chapman, BR, and RJ Howard. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: great egret. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.78. 23 pp. | |
| greategretNestingNonisland | Ardea alba | Chapman, BR, and RJ Howard. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: great egret. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.78. 23 pp. | |
| greaterprairiechickenHarvested | Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus | Prose, BL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Greater prairie-chicken (multiple levels of resolution). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biiol. Rep. 82(10.102). 33 pp. | |
| greaterprairiechickenUnharvested | Tympanuchus cupido pinnatus | Prose, BL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Greater prairie-chicken (multiple levels of resolution). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biiol. Rep. 82(10.102). 33 pp. | |
| greatersandhillcraneLt200ha | Grus canadensis tabida | Armbruster, MJ. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: greater sandhill crane. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.140). 26 pp | |
| greatersandhillcraneMtoe200ha | Grus canadensis tabida | Armbruster, MJ. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: greater sandhill crane. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.140). 26 pp | |
| greaterwhitefrontedgooseWinteringWetland | Anser albinfrons | Kaminski, RM. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: greater white-fronted goose (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.116). 14 pp. | |
| greensunfishLac | Lepomis cyanellus | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Green sunfish. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.15. 28 pp | |
| greensunfishRiv | Lepomis cyanellus | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Green sunfish. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.15. 28 pp | |
| greensunfishRivSal | Lepomis cyanellus | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Green sunfish. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.15. 28 pp | |
| gulfmenhadenEstuary | Brevoortia patronus | Christmas, JY, JT McBee, RS Waller, and FC Scutter III. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Gulf menhaden. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.23. 23 pp. | |
| gulfmenhadenMarine | Brevoortia patronus | Christmas, JY, JT McBee, RS Waller, and FC Scutter III. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Gulf menhaden. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.23. 23 pp. | |
| hairywoodpecker | Dryobates villosus | Sousa, PJ. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: hairy woodpecker. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.146). 19 pp. | |
| hardclam | Mercenaria campechiensis and Mercenaria mercenaria | Mulholland, R. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: hard clam. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.77. 21 pp | |
| inlandsilversideNoZooplankton | Menidia beryllina | Weinstein, MP. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: Inland silverside. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.120). 25 pp. | |
| inlandsilversideZooplankton | Menidia beryllina | Weinstein, MP. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: Inland silverside. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.120). 25 pp. | |
| laketroutReproducingLakes | Salvelinus namaycush | Marcus, MD, WA Hubert, and SH Anderson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Lake trout (Exclusive of the Great Lakes). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.84. 12 pp. | |
| laketroutReproducingRes | Salvelinus namaycush | Marcus, MD, WA Hubert, and SH Anderson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Lake trout (Exclusive of the Great Lakes). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.84. 12 pp. | |
| laketroutStocked | Salvelinus namaycush | Marcus, MD, WA Hubert, and SH Anderson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Lake trout (Exclusive of the Great Lakes). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.84. 12 pp. | |
| largemouthbassLacN | Micropterus salmoides | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Largemouth bass. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.16. 32 pp. | |
| largemouthbassLacS | Micropterus salmoides | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Largemouth bass. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.16. 32 pp. | |
| largemouthbassRivGrad | Micropterus salmoides | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Largemouth bass. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.16. 32 pp. | |
| largemouthbassRivVel | Micropterus salmoides | Stuber, RJ, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Largemouth bass. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.16. 32 pp. | |
| larkbunting | Calamospiza melanocorys | Finch, DM, SH Anderson, and WA Hubert. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: lark bunting. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.137). 16 pp. | |
| laughinggull | Leucophaeus atricilla | Zale, AV, and R Mulholland. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: laughing gull. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.94). 23 pp. | |
| leastternVegCovLt15OrMt25pct | Sterna antillarum | Carreker, RG. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Least tern. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.103). 29 pp. | |
| leastternVegCovMtoe15OrLtoe25pct | Sterna antillarum | Carreker, RG. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Least tern. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.103). 29 pp. | |
| lesserscaupBreeding | Aythya affinis | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: Lesser scaup (breeding). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.117). 16 pp. | |
| lesserscaupWintering | Aythya affinis | Mulholland, R. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: lesser scaup (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.91). 15 pp. | |
| lessersnowgooseWintering | Anser caerulescens | Leslie, JC, and PJ Zwank. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: lesser snow goose (wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.97). 16 pp. | |
| lewiswoodpeckerSummerDeciduousDesertic | Melanerpes lewis | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Lewis’s woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.32. 14 pp. | |
| lewiswoodpeckerSummerEvergreen | Melanerpes lewis | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Lewis’s woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.32. 14 pp. | |
| lewiswoodpeckerWinterCropland | Melanerpes lewis | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Lewis’s woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.32. 14 pp. | |
| lewiswoodpeckerWinterNotEForC | Melanerpes lewis | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Lewis’s woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.32. 14 pp. | |
| lewiswoodpeckerYearRoundDeciduousDesertic | Melanerpes lewis | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Lewis’s woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.32. 14 pp. | |
| lewiswoodpeckerYearRoundEvergreen | Melanerpes lewis | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Lewis’s woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.32. 14 pp. | |
| littleneckclam | Protothaca staminea | Rodnick, K, and HW Li. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: littleneck clam. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.59. 15 pp. | |
| longnosedaceLac | Rhinichthys cataractae | Edwards, EA, H Li, and CB Schreck. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Longnose dace. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.33. 13 pp. | |
| longnosedaceRiv | Rhinichthys cataractae | Edwards, EA, H Li, and CB Schreck. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Longnose dace. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.33. 13 pp. | |
| longnosesuckerLac | Catostomus catostomus | Edwards, EA. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Longnose sucker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/1-.35. 21 pp. | |
| longnosesuckerRiv | Catostomus catostomus | Edwards, EA. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Longnose sucker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/1-.35. 21 pp. | |
| mallardCroplandCorn | Anas platyrhynchos | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitablity index models: mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.132). 37 pp. | |
| mallardCroplandOtherCrops | Anas platyrhynchos | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitablity index models: mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.132). 37 pp. | |
| mallardCroplandSoy | Anas platyrhynchos | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitablity index models: mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.132). 37 pp. | |
| mallardForestedPaluWetlands | Anas platyrhynchos | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitablity index models: mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.132). 37 pp. | |
| mallardNonforestedPaluLacRiv | Anas platyrhynchos | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitablity index models: mallard (winter habitat, Lower Mississippi Valley). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.132). 37 pp. | |
| marshwren | Cistothorus palustris | Gutzwiller, KJ, and SH Anderson. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: marsh wren. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.139). 13 pp. | |
| marten | Martes americana | Allen, AW. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Marten. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.11. 9 pp. | |
| minkPaluEmergHerb | Mustela vison | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: mink, revised. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.127). 23 pp. [First printed as: FWS/OBS-82/10.61, October 1983.] | |
| minkPaluForestedOrShrubLess405ha | Mustela vison | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: mink, revised. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.127). 23 pp. [First printed as: FWS/OBS-82/10.61, October 1983.] | |
| minkPaluForestedOrShrubMore405ha | Mustela vison | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: mink, revised. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.127). 23 pp. [First printed as: FWS/OBS-82/10.61, October 1983.] | |
| minkRivLac | Mustela vison | Allen, AW. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: mink, revised. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.127). 23 pp. [First printed as: FWS/OBS-82/10.61, October 1983.] | |
| mooseLakeSupModelII | Alces alces | Allen, AW, PA Jordan, and JW Terrell. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: moose, Lake Superior region. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.155). 47 pp. | |
| mottledduckAny | Anas fulvigula maculosa | Rorabaugh, JE, and PJ Zwank. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: mottled duck. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Service FWS/OBS-82/10.5226 pp. | |
| mottledduckBrood | Anas fulvigula maculosa | Rorabaugh, JE, and PJ Zwank. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: mottled duck. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Service FWS/OBS-82/10.5226 pp. | |
| mottledduckNesting | Anas fulvigula maculosa | Rorabaugh, JE, and PJ Zwank. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: mottled duck. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Service FWS/OBS-82/10.5226 pp. | |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveA | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveB | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveC | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveD | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveA | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveB | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveC | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveD | Esox masquinongy | Cook, MF, and RC Solomon. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: Muskellunge. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.148). 33 pp. | |
| muskratEstu | Ondatra zibethicus | Allen, AW, and RD Hoffman. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Muskrat. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.46. 27 pp. | |
| muskratHW | Ondatra zibethicus | Allen, AW, and RD Hoffman. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Muskrat. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.46. 27 pp. | |
| muskratRiv | Ondatra zibethicus | Allen, AW, and RD Hoffman. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Muskrat. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.46. 27 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteCroplands | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteDbh25.4cm | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteDbh27.9cm | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteDbh30.5cm | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteDbh33.0cm | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteDbh35.6cm | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteDbh38.1cm | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernbobwhiteShrub | Colinus virginianus | Schroeder, RL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Northern bobwhite. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82 (10.104). 32 pp. | |
| northernpikeLacVegA | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpikeLacVegB | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpikeLacVegC | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpikeLacVegD | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpikeRivVegA | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpikeRivVegB | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpikeRivVegC | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpikeRivVegD | Esox lucius | Inskip, PD. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Northern pike. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.17. 40 pp. | |
| northernpintail | Anas acuta | Suchy, WJ, and SH Anderson. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: northern pintail. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.145) 23 pp. | |
| northernpintailWinteringGulfCoastPaluLacEstuLtoe5ppt | Anas acuta | Howard, RJ, and HA Kantrud. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: northern pintail (gulf coast wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.121). 16 pp. | |
| northernpintailWinteringGulfPaluLacEstuMt5ppt | Anas acuta | Howard, RJ, and HA Kantrud. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: northern pintail (gulf coast wintering). U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.121). 16 pp. | |
| ospreyLac | Pandion haliaetus | Vana-Miller, SL. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: osprey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.154). 46 pp. | |
| ospreyRiv | Pandion haliaetus | Vana-Miller, SL. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: osprey. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.154). 46 pp. | |
| paddlefishAdSummerandWinterHab | Polyodon spathula | Hubert, WA, SH Anderson, PD Southhall, and JH Crance. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Paddlefish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.80. 32 pp. | |
| paddlefishSpwnHab | Polyodon spathula | Hubert, WA, SH Anderson, PD Southhall, and JH Crance. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Paddlefish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.80. 32 pp. | |
| pileatedwoodpeckerE | Dryocopus pileatus | Schroeder, RL. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Pileated woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.39. 15 pp. | |
| pileatedwoodpeckerW | Dryocopus pileatus | Schroeder, RL. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Pileated woodpecker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.39. 15 pp. | |
| pinewarbler | Setophaga pinus | Schroeder, RL. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: pine warbler. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.28. 8 pp. | |
| pinksalmonLimit | Oncorhynchus gorbuscha | Raleigh, RF, and PC Nelson. 1985. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Pink salmon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.109). 36 pp. | |
| pinkshrimpEmergAndSeagrassVeg | Farfantepenaeus duorarum | Mulholland, R. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: pink shrimp. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.76. 17 pp. | |
| pinkshrimpEmergVeg | Farfantepenaeus duorarum | Mulholland, R. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: pink shrimp. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.76. 17 pp. | |
| pinkshrimpSeagrassVeg | Farfantepenaeus duorarum | Mulholland, R. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: pink shrimp. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.76. 17 pp. | |
| plainssharptailedgrouse | Tympanuchus phasianellus jamesi | Prose, BL. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: plains sharp-tailed grouse. U.S. Fish Wilsl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.142). 31 pp. | |
| pronghorn | Antilocapra americana | Allen, AW, JG Cook, and MJ Armbruster. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Pronghorn. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10. 65. 22 pp. | |
| rainbowtroutLac | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Raleigh, RF, T Hickman, RC Solomon, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Rainbow trout. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.60. 64 pp. | |
| rainbowtroutRiv | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Raleigh, RF, T Hickman, RC Solomon, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Rainbow trout. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.60. 64 pp. | |
| redbreastsunfishLacN | Lepomis auritus | Aho, JM, CS Anderson, and JW Terrell. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: redbreast sunfish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.119). 23 pp | |
| redbreastsunfishLacS | Lepomis auritus | Aho, JM, CS Anderson, and JW Terrell. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: redbreast sunfish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.119). 23 pp | |
| redbreastsunfishPalu | Lepomis auritus | Aho, JM, CS Anderson, and JW Terrell. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: redbreast sunfish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.119). 23 pp | |
| redbreastsunfishRiv | Lepomis auritus | Aho, JM, CS Anderson, and JW Terrell. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: redbreast sunfish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.119). 23 pp | |
| reddrumLarvJuvEstuLittleSubmVeg | Sciaenops ocellatus | Buckley, J. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: larval and juvenile red drum. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.74. 15 pp. | |
| reddrumLarvJuvEstuSubmVeg | Sciaenops ocellatus | Buckley, J. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: larval and juvenile red drum. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.74. 15 pp. | |
| redearsunfishLac | Lepomis microlophus | Twomey, KA, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Redear sunfish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.79. 29 pp. | |
| redearsunfishRiv | Lepomis microlophus | Twomey, KA, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Redear sunfish. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.79. 29 pp. | |
| redheadWinteringWtrAvailable | Aythya americana | Howard, RJ, and HA Kantrud. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: redhead (wintering). U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.53. 14 pp | |
| redheadWinteringWtrNotAvailable | Aythya americana | Howard, RJ, and HA Kantrud. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: redhead (wintering). U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.53. 14 pp | |
| redkingcrabJuv1to4 | Paralithodes camtschaticus | Jewett, SC, and CP Onuf. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: red king crab. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.153). 34 pp. | |
| redkingcrabJuv4PlusandAd | Paralithodes camtschaticus | Jewett, SC, and CP Onuf. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: red king crab. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.153). 34 pp. | |
| redkingcrabLarv | Paralithodes camtschaticus | Jewett, SC, and CP Onuf. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: red king crab. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.153). 34 pp. | |
| redkingcrabYoungofYrJuv | Paralithodes camtschaticus | Jewett, SC, and CP Onuf. 1988. Habitat suitability index models: red king crab. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.153). 34 pp. | |
| redspottednewtAquatic150m | Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens | Sousa, PJ. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Red-spotted newt. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.111). 18 pp. | |
| redspottednewtAquaticEntire | Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens | Sousa, PJ. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Red-spotted newt. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.111). 18 pp. | |
| redspottednewtTerrestrial | Notophthalmus viridescens viridescens | Sousa, PJ. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Red-spotted newt. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.111). 18 pp. | |
| redwingedblackbirdA | Agelaius phoeniceus | Short, HL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Red-winged blackbird. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.95). 20 pp. | |
| redwingedblackbirdB | Agelaius phoeniceus | Short, HL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Red-winged blackbird. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.95). 20 pp. | |
| redwingedblackbirdC | Agelaius phoeniceus | Short, HL. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Red-winged blackbird. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.95). 20 pp. | |
| roseatespoonbillIslandFuture | Platalea ajaja | Lewis, JC. 1983. Habitat suitabililty index models: roseate spoonbill. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish. Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.50. 16 pp. | |
| roseatespoonbillIslandPresent | Platalea ajaja | Lewis, JC. 1983. Habitat suitabililty index models: roseate spoonbill. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish. Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.50. 16 pp. | |
| roseatespoonbillMainlandFuture | Platalea ajaja | Lewis, JC. 1983. Habitat suitabililty index models: roseate spoonbill. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish. Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.50. 16 pp. | |
| roseatespoonbillMainlandPresent | Platalea ajaja | Lewis, JC. 1983. Habitat suitabililty index models: roseate spoonbill. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish. Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.50. 16 pp. | |
| ruffedgrouse | Bonasa umbellus | Cade, BS, and PJ Sousa. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Ruffed grouse. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.86). 31 pp. | |
| shortnosesturgeon | Acipenser brevirostrum | Crance, JH. 1986. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Shortnose sturgeon. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.129). 31 pp. | |
| sliderturtle | Trachemys scripta | Morreale, SJ, and JW Gibbons. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: Slider turtle. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.125). 14 pp. | |
| sloughdarterLac | Etheostoma gracile | Edwards, EA, M Bacteller, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Slough darter. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.9. 13 pp. | |
| sloughdarterRiv | Etheostoma gracile | Edwards, EA, M Bacteller, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Slough darter. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.9. 13 pp. | |
| smallmouthbassLac | Micropterus dolomieu | Edwards, EA, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Smallmouth bass. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.36. 47 pp. | |
| smallmouthbassRiv | Micropterus dolomieu | Edwards, EA, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Smallmouth bass. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.36. 47 pp. | |
| smallmouthbuffaloLac | Ictiobus bubalus | Edwards, EA, and K Twomey. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Smallmouth buffalo. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.13. 28 pp. | |
| smallmouthbuffaloRiv | Ictiobus bubalus | Edwards, EA, and K Twomey. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Smallmouth buffalo. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.13. 28 pp. | |
| snappingturtle | Chelydra serpentina | Graves, BM, and SH Anderson. 1987. Habitat suitability index models: snapping turtle. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.141). 18 pp. | |
| snowshoehareForageBiomass | Lepus americanus | Carreker, RG. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Snowshoe hare. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.101). 21 pp. | |
| snowshoehareForageVisual | Lepus americanus | Carreker, RG. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Snowshoe hare. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.101). 21 pp. | |
| southernkingfishEstu | Menticirrhus americanus | Sikora, WB, and JP Sikora. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Southern kingfish. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.31. 22 pp. | |
| southernkingfishMarine | Menticirrhus americanus | Sikora, WB, and JP Sikora. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Southern kingfish. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.31. 22 pp. | |
| southernredbackedvole | Clethrionomys gapperi | Allen, AW. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Southern red-backed vole (Western United States). U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.42. 14 pp. | |
| spotJuv | Leiostomus xanthurus | Stickney, RR, and ML Cuenco. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Juvenile spot. U.S. Dept. Int. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.20. 12 pp. | |
| spottedbassLac | Micropterus punctulatus | McMahon, TE, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Spotted bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.72. 41 pp. | |
| spottedbassRiv | Micropterus punctulatus | McMahon, TE, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Spotted bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.72. 41 pp. | |
| spottedowl | Strix occidentalis | Laymon, SA, H Salwasser, and RH Barrett. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Spotted owl. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.113) 14 pp. | |
| spottedseatrout | Cynoscion nebulosus | Kostecki, PT. 1984. Habitat suitability index models: spotted seatrout. U.S.Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.75. 22 pp. | |
| steelheadtroutRiv | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Raleigh, RF, T Hickman, RC Solomon, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Rainbow trout. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.60. 64 pp. | |
| stripedbassCoastal | Morone saxatilis | Bain, MB, and JL Bain. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Coastal stocks of striped bass. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Biological Services, Washington, D.C. FWS/OBS-82/10.1. 29 pp. | |
| stripedbassInlandLacAd | Morone saxatilis | Crance, JH. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Inland stocks of striped bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.85. 63 pp. | |
| stripedbassInlandLacJuv | Morone saxatilis | Crance, JH. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Inland stocks of striped bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.85. 63 pp. | |
| stripedbassInlandLacLarv | Morone saxatilis | Crance, JH. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Inland stocks of striped bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.85. 63 pp. | |
| stripedbassInlandRiv | Morone saxatilis | Crance, JH. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Inland stocks of striped bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.85. 63 pp. | |
| swamprabbitForestedWetland | Sylvilagus aquaticus | Allen, AW. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Swamp rabbit. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.107). 20 pp. | |
| swamprabbitHerbWetland | Sylvilagus aquaticus | Allen, AW. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Swamp rabbit. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.107). 20 pp. | |
| swamprabbitShrubForestedWetland | Sylvilagus aquaticus | Allen, AW. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: Swamp rabbit. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.107). 20 pp. | |
| veeryNonWetland | Catharus fuscescens | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Veery. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.22. 12 pp. | |
| veeryWetland | Catharus fuscescens | Sousa, PJ. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Veery. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.22. 12 pp. | |
| walleyeLacSecchiLtoe3.4m | Sander vitreus | McMahin, TE, JW Terrell, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Walleye. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.56. 43 pp. | |
| walleyeLacSecchiMt3.4m | Sander vitreus | McMahin, TE, JW Terrell, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Walleye. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.56. 43 pp. | |
| walleyeRivSecchiLtoe3.4m | Sander vitreus | McMahin, TE, JW Terrell, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Walleye. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.56. 43 pp. | |
| walleyeRivSecchiMt3.4m | Sander vitreus | McMahin, TE, JW Terrell, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability information: Walleye. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.56. 43 pp. | |
| warmouthLac | Lepomis gulosus | McMahon, TE, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Warmouth. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.67. 21 pp. | |
| warmouthRiv | Lepomis gulosus | McMahon, TE, G Gebhart, OE Maughan, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: Warmouth. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.67. 21 pp. | |
| westerngrebe | Aechmophorus occidentalis | Short, HL 1984. Habitat suitability index models: Western grebe. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.69. 20 pp. | |
| whitebassLacCurveASubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassLacCurveBSubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassLacCurveCSubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassLacTribCurveASubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassLacTribCurveBSubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassLacTribCurveCSubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassRivCurveASubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassRivCurveBSubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitebassRivCurveCSubsIndex | Morone chrysops | Hamilton, K, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability index curves: White bass. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.89). 35 pp. | |
| whitecrappieLac | Pomoxis annularis | Edwards, EA, DA Krieger, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: White crappie. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.7. 22 pp. | |
| whitecrappieRiv | Pomoxis annularis | Edwards, EA, DA Krieger, G Gebhart, and OE Maughan. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: White crappie. U.S.D.I. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-82/10.7. 22 pp. | |
| whiteibisIsland | Eudocimus albus | Hingtgen, TM, R Mulholland, and RW Repenning. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: white ibis. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.93) 18 pp. | |
| whiteibisWetland | Eudocimus albus | Hingtgen, TM, R Mulholland, and RW Repenning. 1985. Habitat suitability index models: white ibis. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.93) 18 pp. | |
| whiteshrimpNGulfofMex | Farfantepenaeus aztecus | Turner, RE, and MS Brody. 1983. Habitat suitability index models : northern Gulf of Mexico brown shrimp and white shrimp. U.S. Dept. of Int. Fish Wildl. Serv , FWS/OBS-82/l0.54. 24 pp. | |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnInletStrm | Catostomus commersonii | Twomey, KA, KL Williamson, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: White sucker. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.64. 56 pp. | |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnLake | Catostomus commersonii | Twomey, KA, KL Williamson, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: White sucker. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.64. 56 pp. | |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnLakeDrawMtoe2m | Catostomus commersonii | Twomey, KA, KL Williamson, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: White sucker. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.64. 56 pp. | |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnLakeDrawMtoe5m | Catostomus commersonii | Twomey, KA, KL Williamson, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: White sucker. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.64. 56 pp. | |
| whitesuckerRiv | Catostomus commersonii | Twomey, KA, KL Williamson, and PC Nelson. 1984. Habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves: White sucker. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.64. 56 pp. | |
| whitetaileddeerModelII | Odocoileus virginianus | Short, HL. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: White-tailed deer in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic coastal plains. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(10.123). 36 pp. | |
| williamsonssapsucker | Sphyrapicus thyroideus | Sousa, PJ. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Williamson’s sapsucker. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.47. 13 pp. | |
| woodduckBreeding | Aix sponsa | Sousa, PJ, and AH Farmer. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Wood duck. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.43. 27 pp. | |
| woodduckWinter | Aix sponsa | Sousa, PJ, and AH Farmer. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Wood duck. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.43. 27 pp. | |
| woodduckYear | Aix sponsa | Sousa, PJ, and AH Farmer. 1983. Habitat suitability index models: Wood duck. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.43. 27 pp. | |
| yellowheadedblackbird | Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus | Schroeder, RL. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: yellow-headed blackbird. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.26. 12 pp. | |
| yellowperchLac | Perca flavescens | Krieger, DA, JW Terrell, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Yellow perch. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.55. 37 pp. | |
| yellowperchRiv | Perca flavescens | Krieger, DA, JW Terrell, and PC Nelson. 1983. Habitat suitability information: Yellow perch. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.55. 37 pp. | |
| yellowwarbler | Setophaga petechia | Schroeder, RL. 1982. Habitat suitability index models: Yellow warbler. U.S. Dept. Int., Fish Wildl. Serv. FWS/OBS-82/10.27. 7 pp. |
| Abbreviation | Definition |
|---|---|
| abund | abundance |
| ad | adult |
| aq | aquatic |
| avg | mean |
| C | Deg. C. |
| can | canopy |
| cmps | cm/sec |
| comp | composition |
| cov | cover or covered |
| curr | current |
| d | depth |
| decid | decidous |
| dev | development |
| dis | discharge |
| dist | distance |
| DO | Dissolved Oxygen |
| DS | Dissolved Solids |
| e | embryo |
| env | environment |
| gs | ground surface |
| h | height |
| hab | habitat |
| herb | herbaceous |
| juv | juvenile |
| kgpha | kg/ha |
| l | length |
| lac | lacustrine |
| larv | larvae/larval |
| lbspacre | lbs/acre |
| litt | littoral |
| lt | < |
| ltoe | ? |
| m | meters |
| max | Max |
| max | maximum |
| mgpl | mg/l |
| mgpreypm3 | mg-prey/m^3 |
| min | Min |
| mpkm | m/km |
| mth | monthly |
| num | number |
| pct | % |
| perm | permanent |
| pl | pool(s) |
| pop | population |
| rfl | riffle(s) |
| sa | surface area |
| sal | salinity |
| spwn | spawning |
| sqm | m^2 |
| stand | standing |
| strm | stream |
| subm | submerged |
| subs | substrate |
| suit | suitable |
| turb | turbidity |
| veg | vegetative or vegatation |
| vel | velocity |
| w | width |
| wtr | water |
| Model | Testing.notes |
|---|---|
| alewifeJuv | No data available |
| alewifeJuvAndSAEL | No data available |
| alewifeSAEL | No data available |
| americanalligatorNontidal | Tested with dataset 1 and 3 |
| americanalligatorTidal | Tested with dataset 2 |
| americanblackduckWinteringEVegWetland | Tested with dataset 3 |
| americanblackduckWinteringNCapeCod | Tested with dataset 1 |
| americanblackduckWinteringSCapeCod | Tested with dataset 2 |
| americancoot | No data available |
| americaneiderBreeding | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| americanoysterGulfofMexModifier | Tested with datasets 1-5 |
| americanoysterGulfofMexTypical | Tested with datasets 1-5 |
| americanshadEstu | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| americanshadRiv | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| americanwoodcockWinteringForestedDry | No data available |
| americanwoodcockWinteringForestedMoist | No data available |
| americanwoodcockWinteringForestedWet | No data available |
| americanwoodcockWinteringShrubDry | No data available |
| americanwoodcockWinteringShrubMoist | No data available |
| americanwoodcockWinteringShrubWet | No data available |
| arcticgrayling | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| atlanticcroakerLATideLt0.5m | Checked with provided dataset |
| atlanticcroakerLATideMt0.5m | Checked with provided dataset |
| atlanticcroakerOtherTideLt0.5m | Checked with provided dataset |
| atlanticcroakerOtherTideMt0.5m | Checked with provided dataset |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandLATideLt0.5m | No data available |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandLATideMt0.5m | No data available |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandOtherTideLt0.5m | No data available |
| atlanticcroakerWetlandOtherTideMt0.5m | No data available |
| bairdssparrow | No data available |
| baldeagleBreeding | No data available |
| barredowl | No data available |
| beaverLacAreaLt8ha | No data available |
| beaverLacAreaMtoe8ha | No data available |
| beaverPalu | No data available |
| beaverRiv | No data available |
| beltedkingfishLenticConstWave | No data available |
| beltedkingfishLenticNoConstWave | No data available |
| beltedkingfishLotic | No data available |
| bigmouthbuffaloLacNoSal | Tested with datasets 1-3; CCF of dataset 2 is incorrect (should be 0.52) and CCF and CR appear wrong in dataset 3 in literature example |
| bigmouthbuffaloLacSal | No data available |
| bigmouthbuffaloRivNoSal | Tested with datasets 1-3; CR of dataset 3 is incorrect (should be 0.3) |
| bigmouthbuffaloRivSal | No data available |
| blackbear | No data available |
| blackbelliedwhistlingduck | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| blackbrant | No data available |
| blackbullheadLac | Tested with 3 datasets, Dataset 1 seems to have incorrect CC value in documentation but model matches results for other datasets |
| blackbullheadRiv | Checked with datasets 1, 2, and 3; seems correct but authors rounded weirdly so numbers were a little different |
| blackcappedchickadeeFoodCanH | No data available |
| blackcappedchickadeeFoodCanVol | No data available |
| blackcrappieLacNoSal | CR is slightly off in dataset 2 and 3; independently verify |
| blackcrappieLacSal | CR is slightly off in dataset 2 and 3; independently verify |
| blackcrappieRivNoSal | Tested with datasets 1-3; table includes SIV14 but does not seem to use it in calculations |
| blackcrappieRivSal | SIV14 says lacustrine only, but there is an option to include SIV14 in the riverine model |
| blacknosedaceLac | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| blacknosedaceRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3; might be good to have someone test removing life stages? |
| blackshoulderedkite | Results do not match example data because equation is different to account for area weighting |
| blacktailedprairiedog | No data available |
| bluegillLac | Tested with datasets 1, 2, and 3; CWQ for dataset 2 is off by a little- independently verify |
| bluegillRiv | Tested with datasets 1, 2, and 3: Dataset 1, CWQ should be 0.4 because SIV8=0.4? Possible error in documentation? |
| bluegrouse | No data available |
| blueherringJuv | No data available |
| blueherringJuvandSAEL | No data available |
| blueherringSAEL | No data available |
| bluewingedtealBreeding | No data available |
| bobcatLt4ha | No data available |
| bobcatMtoe4ha | No data available |
| brewerssparrow | No data available |
| brooktroutLacAllLtoe15C | No data available |
| brooktroutLacAllMt15C | No data available |
| brooktroutRivAllLtoe15CLtoe5mEC | Tested with dataset 1 all components |
| brooktroutRivAllLtoe15CMt5mEC | No data available |
| brooktroutRivAllMt15CLtoe5mEC | Tested with dataset 2 all components |
| brooktroutRivAllMt15CMt5mEC | No data available |
| brownshrimpNGulfMex | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| brownthrasher | No data available |
| browntroutCompLtoe10C | Tested with sample dataset; CFr value is incorrect, but typo in documentation; CA adjusted is also wrong, but the documentation says limited by SIV3, which is not included in CA? |
| browntroutCompMt10C | Tested with sample dataset; CFr value is incorrect, but typo in documentation; CE produces 0.7 because it IS SIV3 limited, typo in documentation? |
| browntroutLimitLtoe10C | Tested with sample dataset; CFr value is incorrect, but typo in documentation |
| browntroutLimitMt10C | Tested with sample dataset; CFr value is incorrect, but typo in documentation |
| bullfrog | No data available |
| cactuswren | No data available |
| canvasbackBreeding | No data available |
| channelcatfishLac | Tested with datasets 1-3; all correct except CC for dataset 3 is off by a very small amount |
| channelcatfishRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3; CR is slightly off for all three datasets; have someone check equation independently |
| chinooksalmonComp5to10CSand | Tested with Dataset 1; CE is wrong but probably typo because SIV12=0.6? |
| chinooksalmonComp5to10CSilt | Tested with Dataset 1; CE is wrong but probably typo because SIV12=0.6? |
| chinooksalmonCompLtoe5CSand | Tested with Dataset 1; CE is wrong but probably typo because SIV12=0.6? |
| chinooksalmonCompLtoe5CSilt | Tested with Dataset 1; CE is wrong but probably typo because SIV12=0.6? |
| chinooksalmonCompMt10CSand | Tested with Dataset 1; CE is wrong but probably typo because SIV12=0.6? |
| chinooksalmonCompMt10CSilt | Tested with Dataset 1; CE is wrong but probably typo because SIV12=0.6? |
| chinooksalmonLimit5to10CSand | Tested with Dataset 1 |
| chinooksalmonLimit5to10CSilt | Tested with Dataset 1 |
| chinooksalmonLimitLtoe5CSand | Tested with Dataset 1 |
| chinooksalmonLimitLtoe5CSilt | Tested with Dataset 1 |
| chinooksalmonLimitMt10CSand | Tested with Dataset 1 |
| chinooksalmonLimitMt10CSilt | Tested with Dataset 1 |
| chumsalmonAlevin | No data available |
| chumsalmonEyedEmb | No data available |
| clapperrail | Checked with datasets 1-3 |
| cohosalmonSpringSummerSeaMig | No data available |
| cohosalmonWinterRearing | No data available |
| commoncarpLacNoSal | HSI scores for dataset 1 and 3 in docs are incorrect (#1 uses a value of 0.7 for COT in the final equation rather than 0.4, and #3 neglects to account for SIV12 being <=0.4); Storage ratio graph from documentation is much smoother, but no actual breakpoints are provided |
| commoncarpLacSal | HSI scores for dataset 1 and 3 in docs are incorrect (#1 uses a value of 0.7 for COT in the final equation rather than 0.4, and #3 neglects to account for SIV12 being <=0.4); Storage ratio graph from documentation is much smoother, but no actual breakpoints are provided |
| commoncarpRivNoSal | No data available |
| commoncarpRivSal | No data available |
| commonshinerLac | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| commonshinerRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| creekchubRivLargerStrmDistMt5km | Tested with datasets 1-2; CC incorrect for dataset 2, may be typo; recheck; Example data in dataset 3 does not align with what is shown on the graph for SIV1 |
| creekchubRivLargerStrmDistWithin5km | Tested with dataset 3; HSI is incorrect because authors did not account for full equation being smaller than CR; recheck |
| cutthroatLacGenLtoe15C | No data available |
| cutthroatLacGenMt15C | No data available |
| cutthroatLacLahontanLtoe15C | No data available |
| cutthroatLacLahontanMt15C | No data available |
| cutthroatRivGenLtoe15CLtoe5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| cutthroatRivGenLtoe15CMt5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| cutthroatRivGenMt15CLtoe5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| cutthroatRivGenMt15CMt5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| cutthroatRivLahontanLtoe15CLtoe5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| cutthroatRivLahontanLtoe15CMt5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| cutthroatRivLahontanMt15CLtoe5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| cutthroatRivLahontanMt15CMt5m | Tested with datasets 1-3; HSI is incorrect for Dataset 1, but should be 0.95 because CA<final equation, so error in documentation; Dataset 2, CJ and COT are wrong, but can’t find error and HSI is wrong but again should be equal to CA; Dataset 3, CJ in documentation is incorrect (should be 0.3 since SIV15<=0.4); Final HSI should also be 0.3; COT is also wrong, but unsure why |
| diamondbackterrapinNesting | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| downywoodpecker | No data available |
| easternbrownpelican | Tested with example datasets |
| easterncottontail | No data available |
| easternmeadowlark | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyCroplandHerb | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyCroplandShrub | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH25.4cm | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH27.9cm | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH30.5cm | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH33.0cm | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH35.6cm | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyForestHardDBH38.1cm | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyHerb | No data available |
| easternwildturkeyShrub | No data available |
| englishsoleJuv | Tested with datasets 1-2 |
| englishsoleJuvImpactAlt | Tested with dataset 3 |
| fallfishLac | Tested with datasets 1 and 2 |
| fallfishRivNoSpwn | No data available |
| fallfishRivSpwn | Tested with datasets 1 and 2 |
| ferruginoushawkCrop | No data available |
| ferruginoushawkHerbAndShrub | No data available |
| fieldsparrow | No data available |
| fisherWinterCov | No data available |
| flatheadcatfishMacro | No data available |
| flounderGulf | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| flounderSouthern | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| forstersternBreeding | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| foxsquirrel | No data available |
| gadwallBreeding | No data available |
| gizzardshadLacNoTributaries | No data available |
| gizzardshadLacSpwnTributaries | No data available |
| graypartridge | No data available |
| graysquirrel | No data available |
| greatblueheron | No data available |
| greategretFeeding | Tested with dataset 1 |
| greategretNestingIsland | Tested with dataset 2 |
| greategretNestingNonisland | Tested with dataset 3 |
| greaterprairiechickenHarvested | No data available |
| greaterprairiechickenUnharvested | No data available |
| greatersandhillcraneLt200ha | No data available |
| greatersandhillcraneMtoe200ha | No data available |
| greaterwhitefrontedgooseWinteringWetland | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| greensunfishLac | Tested with datasets 1-3; CWQ is slightly off for dataset 1; recheck; no test of data that does not include salinity |
| greensunfishRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3; CWQ and HSI are slighlty higher than reported values for dataset three, re-check |
| greensunfishRivSal | No data available |
| gulfmenhadenEstuary | Tested with datasets 1-5 |
| gulfmenhadenMarine | Tested with datasets 1-5 |
| hairywoodpecker | No data available |
| hardclam | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| inlandsilversideNoZooplankton | tested with Point Judith data |
| inlandsilversideZooplankton | Tested with datasets 1-2 |
| laketroutReproducingLakes | No data available |
| laketroutReproducingRes | No data available |
| laketroutStocked | No data available |
| largemouthbassLacN | Tested with datasets 1-3; Components and HSIs slightly different for all datasets, but maybe just rounding?; recheck |
| largemouthbassLacS | Tested with datasets 1-3; Components and HSIs slightly different for all datasets, but maybe just rounding?; recheck |
| largemouthbassRivGrad | Added model; Tested with datasets 1-3; Components and HSIs slightly different for all datasets, but maybe just rounding?; recheck |
| largemouthbassRivVel | Sample data does not include SIV19 and SIV21 |
| larkbunting | No data available |
| laughinggull | Tested with dataset 1-3 |
| leastternVegCovLt15OrMt25pct | No data available |
| leastternVegCovMtoe15OrLtoe25pct | No data available |
| lesserscaupBreeding | No data available |
| lesserscaupWintering | tested with datasets 1-3 |
| lessersnowgooseWintering | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| lewiswoodpeckerSummerDeciduousDesertic | No data available |
| lewiswoodpeckerSummerEvergreen | No data available |
| lewiswoodpeckerWinterCropland | No data available |
| lewiswoodpeckerWinterNotEForC | No data available |
| lewiswoodpeckerYearRoundDeciduousDesertic | No data available |
| lewiswoodpeckerYearRoundEvergreen | No data available |
| littleneckclam | Tested with dataset 1 |
| longnosedaceLac | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| longnosedaceRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| longnosesuckerLac | Tested with datasets 1-3; CJA for dataset 2 should be 0.7 because SIV13=0.7 (mistake in doc); assumed SIV8 graph started at 0 based on sample data |
| longnosesuckerRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| mallardCroplandCorn | No data available |
| mallardCroplandOtherCrops | No data available |
| mallardCroplandSoy | No data available |
| mallardForestedPaluWetlands | No data available |
| mallardNonforestedPaluLacRiv | No data available |
| marshwren | No data available |
| marten | No data available |
| minkPaluEmergHerb | No data available |
| minkPaluForestedOrShrubLess405ha | No data available |
| minkPaluForestedOrShrubMore405ha | No data available |
| minkRivLac | No data available |
| mooseLakeSupModelII | No data available |
| mottledduckAny | Tested with dataset 1 |
| mottledduckBrood | Tested with dataset 3 |
| mottledduckNesting | Tested with dataset 2 and SIV7 from dataset 1 |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveA | No data available |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveB | No data available |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveC | No data available |
| muskellungeLargeLakeSpwnVegCurveD | No data available |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveA | No data available |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveB | No data available |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveC | No data available |
| muskellungeSmallLakeSpwnVegCurveD | No data available |
| muskratEstu | No data available |
| muskratHW | No data available |
| muskratRiv | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteCroplands | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteDbh25.4cm | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteDbh27.9cm | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteDbh30.5cm | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteDbh33.0cm | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteDbh35.6cm | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteDbh38.1cm | No data available |
| northernbobwhiteShrub | No data available |
| northernpikeLacVegA | No data available |
| northernpikeLacVegB | No data available |
| northernpikeLacVegC | No data available |
| northernpikeLacVegD | No data available |
| northernpikeRivVegA | No data available |
| northernpikeRivVegB | No data available |
| northernpikeRivVegC | No data available |
| northernpikeRivVegD | No data available |
| northernpintail | No data available |
| northernpintailWinteringGulfCoastPaluLacEstuLtoe5ppt | Tested with dataset 1; NAs not allowed |
| northernpintailWinteringGulfPaluLacEstuMt5ppt | Tested with datasets 2 and 3 |
| ospreyLac | No data available |
| ospreyRiv | No data available |
| paddlefishAdSummerandWinterHab | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| paddlefishSpwnHab | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| pileatedwoodpeckerE | No data available |
| pileatedwoodpeckerW | No data available |
| pinewarbler | No data available |
| pinksalmonLimit | Tested with dataset 1; add compensatory model if keeping brook trout compensatory?; SIV7 graph doesn’t seem to match info in text exactly |
| pinkshrimpEmergAndSeagrassVeg | Tested with dataset 3, although SIV2 values don’t make sense but give correct answer |
| pinkshrimpEmergVeg | Checked with Datasets 1,2, and 3 |
| pinkshrimpSeagrassVeg | Checked with Datasets 1,2, and 3 |
| plainssharptailedgrouse | No data available |
| pronghorn | No data available |
| RainbowtroutLac | No data available |
| rainbowtroutRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3; COT is slightly off for datasets 1 and 2, but probably rounding error |
| redbreastsunfishLacN | No data available |
| redbreastsunfishLacS | No data available |
| redbreastsunfishPalu | No data available |
| redbreastsunfishRiv | No data available |
| reddrumLarvJuvEstuLittleSubmVeg | Tested with datasets 1-3 from Table 3 |
| reddrumLarvJuvEstuSubmVeg | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| redearsunfishLac | No data available |
| redearsunfishRiv | No data available |
| redheadWinteringWtrAvailable | Tested with datasets 1 and 2 |
| redheadWinteringWtrNotAvailable | Tested with dataset 3 |
| redkingcrabJuv1to4 | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| redkingcrabJuv4PlusandAd | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| redkingcrabLarv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| redkingcrabYoungofYrJuv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| redspottednewtAquatic150m | No data available |
| redspottednewtAquaticEntire | No data available |
| redspottednewtTerrestrial | No data available |
| redwingedblackbirdA | No data available |
| redwingedblackbirdB | No data available |
| redwingedblackbirdC | No data available |
| roseatespoonbillIslandFuture | No data available |
| roseatespoonbillIslandPresent | Checked with datasets 1 and 2 |
| roseatespoonbillMainlandFuture | No data available |
| roseatespoonbillMainlandPresent | Checked with dataset 3 |
| ruffedgrouse | No data available |
| shortnosesturgeon | Checked with datasets 1-3 |
| sliderturtle | No data available |
| sloughdarterLac | Checked with datasets 1-3 |
| sloughdarterRiv | Checked with datasets 1-3; COT and HSI are incorrect for dataset 1, but this is likely a typo (0.02 vs. 0.2); Dataset 2 HSI is wrong, but this is a mistake because CWQ<=0.4, so should be 0.4; recheck |
| smallmouthbassLac | Tested with datasets 1-3; Dataset 2 produces incorrect values for CWQ and CR, recheck; CR may be rounding error |
| smallmouthbassRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| smallmouthbuffaloLac | Tested with datasets 1-3; have someone else check format of CWQ equation; dataset 3 CWQ and HSI are wrong but typo because SIV8 is 0.3 so both should be 0.3, not 0.41 |
| smallmouthbuffaloRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3; have someone else check format of CWQ equation; dataset 3 HSI is slightly off but may be a rounding error |
| snappingturtle | No data available |
| snowshoehareForageBiomass | No data available |
| snowshoehareForageVisual | No data available |
| southernkingfishEstu | Tested with datasets 2 and 3 |
| southernkingfishMarine | No data available |
| southernredbackedvole | No data available |
| spotJuv | Tested with datasets 1, 2, and 3 |
| spottedbassLac | No data available |
| spottedbassRiv | No data available |
| spottedowl | No data available |
| spottedseatrout | Tested on datasets 1-4 |
| steelheadtroutRiv | No data available |
| stripedbassCoastal | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| stripedbassInlandLacAd | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| stripedbassInlandLacJuv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| stripedbassInlandLacLarv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| stripedbassInlandRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| swamprabbitForestedWetland | No data available |
| swamprabbitHerbWetland | No data available |
| swamprabbitShrubForestedWetland | No data available |
| veeryNonWetland | No data available |
| veeryWetland | No data available |
| walleyeLacSecchiLtoe3.4m | No data available |
| walleyeLacSecchiMt3.4m | No data available |
| walleyeRivSecchiLtoe3.4m | No data available |
| walleyeRivSecchiMt3.4m | No data available |
| warmouthLac | No data available |
| warmouthRiv | No data available |
| westerngrebe | No data available |
| whitebassLacCurveASubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| whitebassLacCurveBSubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| whitebassLacCurveCSubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| whitebassLacTribCurveASubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| whitebassLacTribCurveBSubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| whitebassLacTribCurveCSubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| whitebassRivCurveASubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3; dataset 3 produces incorrect CF and COT values, but these appear to be typos in the documentation; recheck |
| whitebassRivCurveBSubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3; dataset 3 produces incorrect CF and COT values, but these appear to be typos in the documentation; recheck |
| whitebassRivCurveCSubsIndex | Tested with datasets 1-3; dataset 3 produces incorrect CF and COT values, but these appear to be typos in the documentation; recheck |
| whitecrappieLac | Tested with datasets 1-3 w/out salinity; dataset 3 slightly off but likely rounding error |
| whitecrappieRiv | Tested with datasets 1-3 w/out salinity; dataset 3 slightly off but likely rounding error |
| whiteibisIsland | Tested with datasets 1 and 3 |
| whiteibisWetland | Tested with dataset 2 |
| whiteshrimpNGulfofMex | Tested with datasets 1-4 |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnInletStrm | No data available |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnLake | Tested with datasets 1-3 |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnLakeDrawMtoe2m | No data available |
| whitesuckerLacSpwnLakeDrawMtoe5m | No data available |
| whitesuckerRiv | Tested with dataset 1-3; could be tested with data from table 3 as well |
| whitetaileddeerModelII | Tested with three datasets |
| williamsonssapsucker | No data available |
| woodduckBreeding | No data available |
| woodduckWinter | No data available |
| woodduckYear | No data available |
| yellowheadedblackbird | No data available |
| yellowperchLac | Tested 2 datasets |
| yellowperchRiv | No data available |
| yellowwarbler | No data available |
| Function | Test | Example output | Number of tests | Expected output | Pass rate | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HSImin | Inputs for expected values | c(0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the minimum of the inputs | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0.25, NA, 0.5, 0.75) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the minimum of the non-NA inputs | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with invalid or out of range values | c(0.25, 0.25, 5.7, 0.75) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| HSIarimean | Inputs for expected values | c(0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the arithmetic mean of the inputs | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0.25, NA, 0.5, 0.75) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the arithmetic mean of the non-NA inputs | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with invalid or out of range values | c(0.25, 0.25, 5.7, 0.75) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| HSIgeomean | Inputs for expected values | c(0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the geometric mean of the inputs | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0.25, NA, 0.5, 0.75) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the geometric mean of the non-NA inputs | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with invalid or out of range values | c(0.25, 0.25, 5.7, 0.75) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| HSIwarimean | Inputs for expected values | c(0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75), c(0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.1) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the weighted arithmetic mean of the inputs | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0.25, NA, 0.5, 0.75), c(0.2, NA, 0.4, 0.1) | 9999 | Numeric output between 0 and 1 equal to the weighted arithmetic mean of the non-NA inputs | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with invalid or out of range values | c(0.25, 5.7, 0.5, 0.75), c(0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.1) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect weighting | c(0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75), c(0.2, 0.96, 0.4, 0.1) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of weights supplied | c(0.25, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75), c(0.2, 0.3, 0.2, 0.2, 0.1) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| HSIeqtn | Inputs for expected values when exclude is NULL | ‘alewifeJuv’, c(0, 1, 1), HSImetadata, NULL | 100 per model | Numeric output between 0 and 1 | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs for expected values when exclude is not NULL | ‘blacknosedace’, c(0, 1, 1, 0, 0.47, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.1, 0.2, 0.34, 0.4, NA, NA, 0.5, 0.16), HSImetadata, “CF” | 100 per model | Numeric output between 0 and 2 | . | . | |
| Inputs with incorrect HSImodelname | ‘alewifeJuvaes’, c(0, 1, 1), HSImetadata, NULL | 100 per model | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with invalid SIV values | ‘alewifeJuv’, c(0, 3.2, 1), HSImetadata, NULL | 100 per model | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of SIV values | ‘alewifeJuv’, c(0, 1, 1, 0.75), HSImetadata, NULL | 100 per model | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| SIcalc | Inputs with expected values from HSImodels | HSImodels barredowl, c(4, 40, 60)] | 100 per model | Numeric outputs between 0 and 1 representing suitability index values for each input parameter | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with expected values from manual models | Manual dataframe, c(4, 40, 60) | 9999 | Numeric outputs between 0 and 1 representing suitability index values for each input parameter | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with NA values for parameters | Manual dataframe, c(4, NA, 60) | 9999 | Numeric outputs between 0 and 1 representing suitability index values for each non-NA input parameter | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with invalid or out of range values | Manual dataframe, c(4, 40, 1000) | 9999 | Error message | . | . | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of values supplied | Manual dataframe, c(4, 40, 60, 50) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Hucalc | Inputs for expected values | c(0, 0.1, 1), 100, HSImin | 9999 | Dataframe containing habitat quality, quantity, and index units | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0, NA, 1), 100, HSImin | 9999 | Dataframe containing habitat quality, quantity, and index units, excluding NA variables | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with invalid values | c(0, 5.7, 1), 100, HSImin | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| HSIplotter | Inputs using HSImodels | HSImodels barredowl, “Barred_owl_curves.jpeg”) | 349 | Jpeg file with curves corresponding to HSImodels | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs for manual models | Manual data frame of breakpoints, “Model_curves.jpeg”) | 349 | Jpeg file with randomly generated curves | 100% | Pass | |
| annualizer | Inputs for expected values | c(0, 50), c(100, 100) | 9999 | Numeric output equal to the time-averaged value over the specified time horizon | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0, NA), c(100, NA) | 9999 | NA | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of time values | c(0, 50, 100), c(100, 100) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of benefit values | c(0, 100), c(100, 50, 100) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| CEfinder | Inputs for expected values | c(0, 10, 20), c(0, 100, 200) | 9999 | Vector of binary (0, 1) outputs reporting whether each plan is cost-effective | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0, NA, 20), c(0, NA, 200) | 9999 | Vector of binary (0, 1) outputs reporting whether each non-NA plan is cost-effective | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of benefit values | c(0, 10, 20, 30), c(0, 100, 200) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputer with incorrect number of cost values | c(0, 10, 20), c(0, 100, 200, 300) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| BBfinder | Inputs for expected values | c(0, 10, 5), c(0, 100, 200), c(1, 1, 0) | 9999 | List containing summary of all restoration actions and best buy plans | 100% | Pass |
| Inputs with NA values | c(0, NA, 5), c(0, NA, 200), c(1, NA, 1) | 9999 | List containing summary of all non-NA restoration actions and best buy plans | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of benefit values | c(0, 10, 4, 5), c(0, 100, 200), c(1, 1, 0) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of cost values | c(0, 10, 5), c(0, 100, 150, 200), c(1, 1, 0) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| Inputs with incorrect number of cost-effective plan inputs | c(0, 10, 5), c(0, 100, 200), c(1, 1, 0, 1) | 9999 | Error message | 100% | Pass | |
| CEICAplotter | Inputs with expected values | c(“Alt_1”, “Alt_2”, “Alt_3”), c(20, 30, 40), c(100, 75, 150), c(1, 0, 1), c(1, 0, 1), “CEICA.jpeg” | 300 | Jpeg output | 100% | Pass |
A tutorial on how to conduct sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for HSI models can be found here: https://usace-wrises.github.io/USACE.EcoMod.Training/sensitivity-and-uncertainty-analysis-for-habitat-suitability-index-hsi-models.html
Step-by-step (screenshot-style) guide for use. How is the model applied? Differences in scenarios? Experimental design for model runs? Range of uncertainty analyzed in model runs?
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#Import suitability curves naming rubric for all of the variables
oyster.SI <- read.csv("HSI.Swannack.oyster.csv", header=TRUE)
#Assemble random input sets for multiple hypothetical sites
noyster <- 10
input.oyster <- matrix(0,nrow=noyster,ncol=5)
input.oyster[,1] <- runif(noyster) #Percent of bottom with hard substrate (%)
input.oyster[,2] <- runif(noyster, min=0, max=30) #Mean salinity during spawning season (ppt)
input.oyster[,3] <- runif(noyster, min=0, max=15) #Minimum annual salinity (ppt)
input.oyster[,4] <- runif(noyster, min=0, max=30) #Mean annual salinity (ppt)
input.oyster[,5] <- runif(noyster, min=0, max=100) #Site area (acres)
#Loop over each site to compute variable suitability and total HSI
output.oyster.SI <- matrix(0,nrow=noyster,ncol=4)
output.oyster.HU <- data.frame(matrix(0,nrow=noyster,ncol=3))
for(i in 1:noyster){
#Compute suitability relative to each variable
output.oyster.SI[i,] <- SIcalc(oyster.SI, input.oyster[i,1:4])
#Compute habitat units
output.oyster.HU[i,] <- HUcalc(output.oyster.SI[i,], input.oyster[i,5], HSIgeomean)
}
#Create summary table
oyster.output <- cbind(round(input.oyster,2), round(output.oyster.SI,2), round(output.oyster.HU,2))
oyster.output <- data.frame(oyster.output)
colnames(oyster.output) <- c("Percent cultch (%)", "Mean salinity during spawning season (ppt)", "Minimum annual salinity (ppt)", "Mean annual salinity (ppt)", "Site area (acres)", "SI.cultch", "SI.MSSS", "SI.MAS", "SI.AS", "HSI", "Area (ac)", "Habitat Units")
#Return a summary table showing the rubric
knitr::kable(oyster.output, caption="Table F-2. Summary of oyster restoration example.")
| Percent cultch (%) | Mean salinity during spawning season (ppt) | Minimum annual salinity (ppt) | Mean annual salinity (ppt) | Site area (acres) | SI.cultch | SI.MSSS | SI.MAS | SI.AS | HSI | Area (ac) | Habitat Units |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.25 | 12.34 | 3.51 | 28.49 | 95.39 | 0.25 | 0.46 | 0.04 | 0.15 | 0.16 | 95.39 | 15.20 |
| 0.91 | 21.85 | 3.66 | 6.93 | 54.25 | 0.91 | 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.39 | 0.35 | 54.25 | 18.89 |
| 0.93 | 25.10 | 3.51 | 12.56 | 66.95 | 0.93 | 0.73 | 0.04 | 1.00 | 0.40 | 66.95 | 26.72 |
| 0.29 | 10.41 | 4.49 | 3.66 | 64.52 | 0.29 | 0.33 | 0.16 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 64.52 | 0.00 |
| 0.14 | 26.94 | 3.09 | 19.77 | 57.39 | 0.14 | 0.57 | 0.03 | 0.62 | 0.19 | 57.39 | 11.03 |
| 0.28 | 26.21 | 11.15 | 9.70 | 12.09 | 0.28 | 0.63 | 1.00 | 0.94 | 0.64 | 12.09 | 7.69 |
| 0.62 | 17.23 | 9.38 | 21.07 | 34.31 | 0.62 | 0.91 | 1.00 | 0.52 | 0.74 | 34.31 | 25.31 |
| 0.30 | 10.94 | 7.48 | 26.41 | 78.63 | 0.30 | 0.37 | 0.87 | 0.21 | 0.38 | 78.63 | 29.54 |
| 0.62 | 9.53 | 11.20 | 26.82 | 53.73 | 0.62 | 0.27 | 1.00 | 0.20 | 0.43 | 53.73 | 22.88 |
| 0.40 | 19.36 | 8.93 | 18.58 | 23.07 | 0.40 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 23.07 | 16.87 |
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